将数组元素与方法的返回值进行比较

Question

我有一种方法可以根据用户输入的月份数组计算最小和最大降雨量。我的问题是我的方法返回最小值和最大值的数量，我需要它返回降雨量最高或最低的月份。我不知道如何将我的最小和最大方法与月份数组进行比较。我想如果我可以说最小值是在索引 5 处找到的，那么也有办法拉出月份数组的索引 5。我尝试了多种类型的 for 循环和嵌套 for 循环，但似乎无法获得正确的月份。public static void main(String[] args) {    String[] months = {"January", "February", "March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"};    double[] rainfall = new double[months.length];    Rainfall amazon = new Rainfall();    //scanner to get user input    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);    //for loop to iterate through the months to get user input of rainfall each month    for(int i = 0; i<rainfall.length; i++) {        System.out.println("How much rainfall did you recieve, in inches, for the month of: " + months[i]);        rainfall[i] = scanner.nextDouble();        //while statement to reject negative numbers                 while(rainfall[i] < 0) {            System.out.println("You can not enter a negative number");            System.out.println("How much rainfall did you recieve for the month of: " + months[i]);            rainfall[i] = scanner.nextDouble();          }    }    System.out.println("total rainfall: " + amazon.getTotalRainfall(rainfall) +                        " average Rainfall: " + amazon.getAverageRainfall(rainfall) +                        " min: " + amazon.getMinRainfall(rainfall) +                        " max: " + amazon.getMaxRainfall(rainfall));}public double getMaxRainfall(double[] rainfall) {    double max = rainfall[0];    for(int i = 1; i < rainfall.length; i++)        if(rainfall[i] > max) {            max = rainfall[i];        }    return max;}      public double getMinRainfall(double[] rainfall) {    double min = rainfall[0];    for(int i = 1; i < rainfall.length; i++)        if(rainfall[i] < min) {            min = rainfall[i];        }    return min;}我需要知道降雨量最高和最低的月份

Answer 1

解决这个问题的方法是跟踪最高降雨量的指数而不是值。您现在遇到的问题是您有 2 个不同的数组，并且其中一个数组的值与另一个数组不相关。

为此，你可以这样做：

    public int getMaxRainfallIndex(double[] rainfall) {

        int max = 0;

        for (int i = 1; i < rainfall.length; i++)

            if (rainfall[i] > rainfall[max]) {

                max = i;

            }

        return max;

    } 

然后，您可以使用此返回值从原始 2 个数组中获取实际降雨量和月份。

然而，一种更简洁的方法是创建一个单独的类来存储这两条信息，这样您就可以返回包含这两条信息的整个对象。这样你甚至不必担心保留两个单独的数组。

可以这样做：

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Rainfall[] rainfall = new Rainfall[12];

        //Do everything else

    }

    public class Rainfall {

        private String month;

        private double rainfall;

        //Constructor, Getters + Setters

    }

Answer 2

一个可能的解决方案是返回月份的索引，例如您的getMaxRainfall方法应如下所示：

 public int getMaxRainfallIndex(double[] rainfall)

      {

        int maxIndex = 0;

        double max = rainfall[0];

              for(int i = 1; i < rainfall.length; i++)

                 if(rainfall[i] > max)

                    {

                     max = rainfall[i];

                     maxIndex = i;

                    }

              return maxIndex;

     }   

在您的中，main您应该使用该索引来获取月份和降雨量：

int index = amazon.getMaxRainfallIndex(rainfall);

system.out.println("month of max rainfall: " + months[index]);

system.out.println("max rainfall: " + rainfall[index]);

Answer 3

您可以创建一个单独的数组，而不是单独管理两个数组class：

public class RainfallByMonth {

    private double rainfall;

    private String month;

    // Getter/Setters here

}

在你的主要方法中：

public static void main(String[] args) {

    RainfallByMonth[] rainfallByMonths = new RainfallByMonth[12];

    String[] months = new DateFormatSymbols().getMonths(); // array of months

    Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

    for (int i = 0; i < rainfallByMonths.length; i++) {

        System.out.println("How much rainfall did you receive, in inches, for the month of: " + months[i]);

        rainfallByMonths[i].setMonth(months[i]);

        rainfallByMonths[i].setRainfall(scanner.nextDouble());

    }

    RainfallByMonth maxRainfall = getMaxRainfall(rainfallByMonths);

    // Now you can print the results here

}

按月计算最大降雨量：

public static RainfallByMonth getMaxRainfall(RainfallByMonth[] rainfallByMonths) {

    RainfallByMonth maxRainfall = rainfallByMonths[0];

    for(int i = 1; i < rainfallByMonths.length; i++) {

        if(rainfallByMonths[i].getRainfall() > maxRainfall.getRainfall()) {

            maxRainfall = rainfallByMonths[i];

        }

    }

    return maxRainfall;

}

同样，情况反之亦然min（只是条件不同）。这将更容易管理。

Answer 4

public static void main(String[] args) {

      String[] months = {"January", "February", "March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"};

      int[] weather = {10, -1, 7,44,33,6,22,54,89,21,8,51};

      int max = 0;

      int index= 0;

      for (int i=0;i<weather.length-1;i++  ){

          if (weather[i] > m){

              max = weather[i];

              index= i;

          } 

      }

      System.out.println(months[index]); 

}

查找最高月份的示例程序。要查找最低月份降雨量，请在if条件中使用小于符号