如何在容器中安装pip包

Question

我正在尝试在运行docker build的 docker 映像上设置 python 虚拟环境当我运行docker build ..时，终端输出正常，但是当我登录容器时，我的虚拟环境中没有安装程序包。#DockerfileRUN curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.pyRUN python3.8 get-pip.pyRUN pip install virtualenvRUN virtualenv venvRUN /home/ubuntu/venv/bin/pip install -r auto/requirements.txt...# Docker build commanddocker build --no-cache -t auto-server:1.0 .# Terminal outputStep 27/27 : RUN /home/ubuntu/venv/bin/pip install -r auto/requirements.txt ---> Running in d27dbb9a4c97Collecting asgiref==3.2.10  Downloading asgiref-3.2.10-py3-none-any.whl (19 kB)Collecting beautifulsoup4==4.9.1  Downloading beautifulsoup4-4.9.1-py3-none-any.whl (115 kB)Collecting Django==3.1.1  Downloading Django-3.1.1-py3-none-any.whl (7.8 MB)...Successfully installed Django-3.1.1 asgiref-3.2.10 beautifulsoup4-4.9.1 fake-useragent-0.1.11 joblib-0.16.0 numpy-1.19.2 pandas-1.1.2 python-dateutil-2.8.1 pytz-2020.1 scikit-learn-0.23.2 scipy-1.5.2 six-1.15.0 sklearn-0.0 soupsieve-2.0.1 sqlparse-0.3.1 threadpoolctl-2.1.0以下是我在虚拟环境中列出包时得到的结果：$ docker exec -ti auto-server bashroot@9c1f914d1b7b:/home/ubuntu# source venv/bin/activate(venv) root@9c1f914d1b7b:/home/ubuntu# pip listPackage    Version---------- -------pip        20.2.2setuptools 49.6.0wheel      0.35.1WARNING: You are using pip version 20.2.2; however, version 20.2.3 is available.You should consider upgrading via the '/home/ubuntu/venv/bin/python -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.这是正确的做法吗？如何确保软件包将被安装？

Answer 1

最后，在容器开发环境中，虚拟环境不是必需的，我只是根据需要设置图像Python环境。

# Dockerfile

...

RUN python3.8 get-pip.py

RUN pip install -r auto/requirements.txt

这并不完全是我想要的，但它可以完成工作。

Answer 2

我使用简单的 Dockerfile 进行开发模式

# pull official base image

FROM python:3.6-alpine

# set work directory

WORKDIR /usr/src/app

# set environment variables

ENV PYTHONDONTWRITEBYTECODE 1

ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED 1

# install psycopg2 dependencies

RUN apk update \

    && apk add postgresql-dev gcc python3-dev

# install dependencies

RUN pip install --upgrade pip

COPY ./requirements.txt .

RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

# copy project

COPY . .