1 回答
TA贡献1876条经验 获得超6个赞
如果您想在条形长度较小的情况下稍微改变条形颜色,您可以使用fill-opacity
并保持fill
相同!这样,如果值较浅,则颜色会不太明显且较浅。
opacity
只需创建一个带有 range 的新比例即可[0.3, 1]
。我选择 0.3 是因为 0 不透明度意味着条形图不可见,而您通常不希望这样。我添加了一个单独的值d.height
来表示条形的整个可见高度,该高度与 start 分开(但相当于d.Min + d.All + d.Max
)。现在,只需将该属性应用于每个条形即可完成。
您可以选择将范围设置为[0, 1]
而不用于d3.extent
域 - 这可能会导致类似的结果,尽管您可以通过思想实验发现一些差异。
现在该fill-opacity
属性已在每个柱上设置。因此同一堆栈中的条具有相同的fill-opacity
值。但请注意,这完全是可选的,您也可以应用不同的值。
// set the dimensions and margins of the graph
const margin = {
top: 90,
right: 20,
bottom: 30,
left: 40
},
width = 960 - margin.left - margin.right,
height = 960 - margin.top - margin.bottom;
const svg = d3.select("#my_dataviz")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
.attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
.append("g")
.attr("transform",
"translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");
const y = d3.scaleBand()
.range([0, height])
.padding(0.1);
const x = d3.scaleLinear()
.range([0, width]);
const z = d3.scaleOrdinal()
.range(["none", "lightsteelblue", "steelblue", "darksteelblue"]);
const opacity = d3.scaleLinear()
.range([0.3, 1]);
d3.csv("https://gist.githubusercontent.com/JimMaltby/844ca313589e488b249b86ead0d621a9/raw/f328ad6291ffd3c9767a2dbdba5ce8ade59a5dfa/TimeBarDummyFormat.csv", d3.autoType, (d, i, columns) => {
var i = 3;
var t = 0;
for (; i < columns.length; ++i)
t += d[columns[i]] = +d[columns[i]];
d.total = t;
d.height = d.total - d.Start;
return d;
}
).then(function(data) {
const keys = data.columns.slice(3); // takes the column names, ignoring the first 3 items = ["EarlyMin","EarlyAll", "LateAll", "LateMax"]
// List of groups = species here = value of the first column called group -> I show them on the X axis
const Groups = d3.map(data, d => d.Group);
y.domain(data.map(d => d.Ser));
x.domain([2000, d3.max(data, d => d.total)]).nice();
z.domain(keys);
opacity.domain(d3.extent(data, d => d.height));
console.log(opacity.domain());
svg.append("g")
.selectAll("g")
.data(d3.stack().keys(keys)(data))
.enter().append("g")
.attr("fill", d => z(d.key))
.selectAll("rect")
.data(d => d)
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("y", d => y(d.data.Ser))
.attr("x", d => x(d[0]))
.attr("height", y.bandwidth())
.attr("width", d => x(d[1]) - x(d[0]))
.attr("fill-opacity", d => opacity(d.data.height));
svg.append("g")
.attr("transform", "translate(0,0)")
.call(d3.axisTop(x));
svg.append("g")
.call(d3.axisLeft(y));
});
.bar {
fill: rgb(70, 131, 180);
}
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v5.min.js"></script>
<div id="my_dataviz"></div>
编辑:知道您想按组对条形进行着色,我将使用相同的逻辑,但进行一些调整:
首先,我转而z
处理fill-opacity
(我仍然用它来强调不同的群体),并使用新的group
颜色序数比例。这个规模的关键就是预先存在的领域d.Group
。
// set the dimensions and margins of the graph
const margin = {
top: 90,
right: 20,
bottom: 30,
left: 40
},
width = 960 - margin.left - margin.right,
height = 960 - margin.top - margin.bottom;
const svg = d3.select("#my_dataviz")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
.attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
.append("g")
.attr("transform",
"translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");
const y = d3.scaleBand()
.range([0, height])
.padding(0.1);
const x = d3.scaleLinear()
.range([0, width]);
const z = d3.scaleOrdinal()
.range([0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1]);
const group = d3.scaleOrdinal()
.range(["darkgreen", "darkred", "steelblue", "purple"]);
d3.csv("https://gist.githubusercontent.com/JimMaltby/844ca313589e488b249b86ead0d621a9/raw/f328ad6291ffd3c9767a2dbdba5ce8ade59a5dfa/TimeBarDummyFormat.csv", d3.autoType, (d, i, columns) => {
var i = 3;
var t = 0;
for (; i < columns.length; ++i)
t += d[columns[i]] = +d[columns[i]];
d.total = t;
return d;
}
).then(function(data) {
const keys = data.columns.slice(3); // takes the column names, ignoring the first 3 items = ["EarlyMin","EarlyAll", "LateAll", "LateMax"]
y.domain(data.map(d => d.Ser));
x.domain([2000, d3.max(data, d => d.total)]).nice();
z.domain(keys);
group.domain(data.map(d => d.Group));
svg.append("g")
.selectAll("g")
.data(d3.stack().keys(keys)(data))
.enter().append("g")
.attr("fill-opacity", d => z(d.key))
.selectAll("rect")
.data(d => d)
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("y", d => y(d.data.Ser))
.attr("x", d => x(d[0]))
.attr("height", y.bandwidth())
.attr("width", d => x(d[1]) - x(d[0]))
.attr("fill", d => group(d.data.Group));
svg.append("g")
.attr("transform", "translate(0,0)")
.call(d3.axisTop(x));
svg.append("g")
.call(d3.axisLeft(y));
});
.bar {
fill: rgb(70, 131, 180);
}
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v5.min.js"></script>
<div id="my_dataviz"></div>
编辑2:如果你想自己指定颜色,我会使用颜色键映射:
// set the dimensions and margins of the graph
const margin = {
top: 90,
right: 20,
bottom: 30,
left: 40
},
width = 960 - margin.left - margin.right,
height = 960 - margin.top - margin.bottom;
const svg = d3.select("#my_dataviz")
.append("svg")
.attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
.attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
.append("g")
.attr("transform",
"translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");
const y = d3.scaleBand()
.range([0, height])
.padding(0.1);
const x = d3.scaleLinear()
.range([0, width]);
const z = d3.scaleOrdinal()
.range([0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1]);
const group = d3.scaleOrdinal()
.range([
{ Start: "none", Min: "lightgreen", All: "green", Max: "darkgreen" },
{ Start: "none", Min: "indianred", All: "red", Max: "darkred" },
{ Start: "none", Min: "lightsteelblue", All: "steelblue", Max: "darksteelblue" }
]);
d3.csv("https://gist.githubusercontent.com/JimMaltby/844ca313589e488b249b86ead0d621a9/raw/f328ad6291ffd3c9767a2dbdba5ce8ade59a5dfa/TimeBarDummyFormat.csv", d3.autoType, (d, i, columns) => {
var i = 3;
var t = 0;
for (; i < columns.length; ++i)
t += d[columns[i]] = +d[columns[i]];
d.total = t;
return d;
}
).then(function(data) {
const keys = data.columns.slice(3); // takes the column names, ignoring the first 3 items = ["EarlyMin","EarlyAll", "LateAll", "LateMax"]
y.domain(data.map(d => d.Ser));
x.domain([2000, d3.max(data, d => d.total)]).nice();
z.domain(keys);
group.domain(data.map(d => d.Group));
svg.append("g")
.selectAll("g")
.data(d3.stack().keys(keys)(data))
.enter().append("g")
.each(function(e) {
d3.select(this)
.selectAll("rect")
.data(d => d)
.enter()
.append("rect")
.attr("y", d => y(d.data.Ser))
.attr("x", d => x(d[0]))
.attr("height", y.bandwidth())
.attr("width", d => x(d[1]) - x(d[0]))
.attr("fill", d => group(d.data.Group)[e.key]);
});
svg.append("g")
.attr("transform", "translate(0,0)")
.call(d3.axisTop(x));
svg.append("g")
.call(d3.axisLeft(y));
});
.bar {
fill: rgb(70, 131, 180);
}
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v5.min.js"></script>
<div id="my_dataviz"></div>
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