`MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA` 已弃用，我应该使用什么列作为替代

Question

我想使用MediaStoreAPI 将媒体提供商的所有图片加载到我的应用程序，但此列MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA已弃用。那么，我可以使用什么来替代呢？我想更新以下代码以删除已弃用的MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA列：fun ContentResolver.loadImagesPaths(): List<String> {    val uri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI    val images = mutableListOf<String>()    val projection = arrayOf(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA)    query(uri, projection, null, null, null)?.use { cursor ->        val dataColumn = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA)        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {            images += cursor.getString(dataColumn)        }    }    return images}编辑：更新代码：fun ContentResolver.loadImagesUris(): List<Uri> {    val uri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI    val images = mutableListOf<Uri>()    val projection = arrayOf(MediaStore.Images.Media._ID)    query(uri, projection, null, null, null)?.use { cursor ->        val idColumn = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media._ID)        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {            images += ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, cursor.getLong(idColumn))        }    }    return images}查看此链接，了解有关如何从共享存储访问媒体文件的更多详细信息：https://developer.android.com/training/data-storage/shared/media

Answer 1

我能够将 MediaStore.MediaColumns.Data 替换为它自己的文件 ID（令人难以置信的是，文件具有 ID）并正确构建其 URI，如下所示：

fun getAllShownImagesPath(activity: Activity): MutableList<Uri> {

    val uriExternal: Uri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI

    val cursor: Cursor?

    val columnIndexID: Int

    val listOfAllImages: MutableList<Uri> = mutableListOf()

    val projection = arrayOf(MediaStore.Images.Media._ID)

    var imageId: Long

    cursor = activity.contentResolver.query(uriExternal, projection, null, null, null)

    if (cursor != null) {

        columnIndexID = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media._ID)

        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {

            imageId = cursor.getLong(columnIndexID)

            val uriImage = Uri.withAppendedPath(uriExternal, "" + imageId)

            listOfAllImages.add(uriImage)

        }

        cursor.close()

    }

    return listOfAllImages

}

然后使用 Uri 在您的视图中构建它！

Answer 2

仍然无法使用获得的 Uri 加载图像。 文档建议使用 openFileDescriptor() ，我这样做了，然后从中解码图像的位图：

override fun loadImagesFromStorage(): List<AdapterImage> {

    val uri: Uri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI

    val cursor: Cursor?

    val columnIndexId: Int

    val listOfAllImages = mutableListOf<AdapterImage>()

    val projection = arrayOf(MediaStore.Images.Media._ID)

    cursor = context.contentResolver

        .query( uri, projection, null, null, null)

    if ( cursor != null ){

        columnIndexId = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media._ID)

        while (cursor.moveToNext()){

            val contentUri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri, cursor.getLong(columnIndexId))

            //here I open FileDescriptor and then decode it into Bitmap

            var image: Bitmap

            context.contentResolver.openFileDescriptor(contentUri, "r").use { pfd ->

                if( pfd != null ){

                    image = BitmapFactory.decodeFileDescriptor(pfd.fileDescriptor)

                    listOfAllImages.add(AdapterImage(image))

                }

            }

        }

        cursor.close()

    }

    return listOfAllImages

}

PS 我的方法将返回我稍后在应用程序中使用的 AdapterImage 对象列表，但此时您可以将任何需要的东西放在那里

Answer 3

我终于通过创建这个类解决了这个问题

class FileHelper {

val mediaType = "multipart/form-data".toMediaTypeOrNull()

fun getPartBodyFromUri(context: Context, uri: Uri): MultipartBody.Part {

    val realPath = getPathFromURI(context, uri)

    val fileImage = createFile(realPath)

    val requestBody = createRequestBody(fileImage)

    return createPart(fileImage, requestBody)

}

private fun createFile(realPath: String): File {

    return File(realPath)

}

private fun createRequestBody(file: File): RequestBody {

    return file.asRequestBody(mediaType)

}

private fun createPart(file: File, requestBody: RequestBody): MultipartBody.Part {

    return MultipartBody.Part.createFormData("imageFile", file.name, requestBody)

}

private fun getPathFromURI(context: Context, uri: Uri): String {

    var realPath = String()

    uri.path?.let { path ->

        val databaseUri: Uri

        val selection: String?

        val selectionArgs: Array<String>?

        if (path.contains("/document/image:")) { // files selected from "Documents"

            databaseUri = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI

            selection = "_id=?"

            selectionArgs = arrayOf(DocumentsContract.getDocumentId(uri).split(":")[1])

        } else { // files selected from all other sources, especially on Samsung devices

            databaseUri = uri

            selection = null

            selectionArgs = null

        }

        try {

            val column = "_data"

            val projection = arrayOf(column)

            val cursor = context.contentResolver.query(

                databaseUri,

                projection,

                selection,

                selectionArgs,

                null

            )

            cursor?.let {

                if (it.moveToFirst()) {

                    val columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column)

                    realPath = cursor.getString(columnIndex)

                }

                cursor.close()

            }

        } catch (e: Exception) {

            println(e)

        }

    }

    return realPath

}

}

Media.DATA 已弃用，使用“MediaStore.Images.Media._ID”来获取正确的列，但无法正常工作，因此我创建了我需要的列

val column = "_data"

val projection = arrayOf(column)

然后我使用 getColumnIndexOrThrow() 方法来获取正确的索引

val columnIndex = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(column)

realPath = cursor.getString(columnIndex)

Answer 4

在爪哇

FileInputStream input = null;

    FileOutputStream output = null;

    try {

        String filePath = new File(getCacheDir(), "tmp").getAbsolutePath();

        android.os.ParcelFileDescriptor pfd = getContentResolver ().openFileDescriptor(

            sharedFileUri, "r");

        if (pfd != null) {

            FileDescriptor fd = pfd . getFileDescriptor ();

            input = new FileInputStream (fd);

            output = new FileOutputStream (filePath);

            int read;

            byte[] bytes = new byte[4096];

            while ((read = input.read(bytes)) != -1) {

                output.write(bytes, 0, read);

            }

            File sharedFile = new File(filePath);

            String finalPath = sharedFile.getPath();

        }

    }catch(Exception ex) {

    } finally {

        try {

            input.close();

            output.close();

        } catch (Exception ignored) {

        }

    }

Answer 5

从内部存储加载图像。使用 MediaStore 类读取包含图像和视频的所有文件夹。

并将结果作为 ArrayList 返回。

private fun getAllShownImagesPath(activity: Activity): ArrayList<Albums> {

val uri: Uri

val cursor: Cursor

var cursorBucket: Cursor

val column_index_data: Int

val column_index_folder_name: Int

val listOfAllImages = ArrayList<String>()

var absolutePathOfImage: String? = null

var albumsList = ArrayList<Albums>()

var album: Albums? = null

val BUCKET_GROUP_BY = "1) GROUP BY 1,(2"

val BUCKET_ORDER_BY = "MAX(datetaken) DESC"

uri = android.provider.MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI

val projection = arrayOf(MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.BUCKET_ID,

        MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME,

        MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATE_TAKEN,

        MediaStore.Images.ImageColumns.DATA)

cursor = activity.contentResolver.query(uri, projection, BUCKET_GROUP_BY, null, BUCKET_ORDER_BY)

if (cursor != null) {

    column_index_data = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA)

    column_index_folder_name = cursor

            .getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Images.Media.BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME)

    while (cursor.moveToNext()) {

        absolutePathOfImage = cursor.getString(column_index_data)

        Log.d("title_apps", "bucket name:" + cursor.getString(column_index_data))

        val selectionArgs = arrayOf("%" + cursor.getString(column_index_folder_name) + "%")

        val selection = MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA + " like ? "

        val projectionOnlyBucket = arrayOf(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA, MediaStore.Images.Media.BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME)

        cursorBucket = activity.contentResolver.query(uri, projectionOnlyBucket, selection, selectionArgs, null)

        Log.d("title_apps", "bucket size:" + cursorBucket.count)

        if (absolutePathOfImage != "" && absolutePathOfImage != null) {

            listOfAllImages.add(absolutePathOfImage)

            albumsList.add(Albums(cursor.getString(column_index_folder_name), absolutePathOfImage, cursorBucket.count, false))

        }

    }

}

return getListOfVideoFolders(albumsList)

}

// 该函数负责读取所有文件夹中的所有视频。

private fun getListOfVideoFolders(albumsList: ArrayList<Albums>): ArrayList<Albums> {

var cursor: Cursor

var cursorBucket: Cursor

var uri: Uri

val BUCKET_GROUP_BY = "1) GROUP BY 1,(2"

val BUCKET_ORDER_BY = "MAX(datetaken) DESC"

val column_index_album_name: Int

val column_index_album_video: Int

uri = android.provider.MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI

val projection1 = arrayOf(MediaStore.Video.VideoColumns.BUCKET_ID,

        MediaStore.Video.VideoColumns.BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME,

        MediaStore.Video.VideoColumns.DATE_TAKEN,

        MediaStore.Video.VideoColumns.DATA)

cursor = this.contentResolver.query(uri, projection1, BUCKET_GROUP_BY, null, BUCKET_ORDER_BY)

if (cursor != null) {

    column_index_album_name = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Video.Media.BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME)

    column_index_album_video = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Video.Media.DATA)

    while (cursor.moveToNext()) {

        Log.d("title_apps", "bucket video:" + cursor.getString(column_index_album_name))

        Log.d("title_apps", "bucket video:" + cursor.getString(column_index_album_video))

        val selectionArgs = arrayOf("%" + cursor.getString(column_index_album_name) + "%")

        val selection = MediaStore.Video.Media.DATA + " like ? "

        val projectionOnlyBucket = arrayOf(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DATA, MediaStore.Video.Media.BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME)

        cursorBucket = this.contentResolver.query(uri, projectionOnlyBucket, selection, selectionArgs, null)

        Log.d("title_apps", "bucket size:" + cursorBucket.count)

        albumsList.add(Albums(cursor.getString(column_index_album_name), cursor.getString(column_index_album_video), cursorBucket.count, true))

    }

}

return albumsList

}