跨多个实例共享单个基础对象

Question

在我的 API 设计中，我有这样的东西：class APIConnection:    # sets up the session and only contains connection-related methods    def __init__(self):        self.session = requests.Session()    def api_call(self):        # do session-related stuffclass User(APIConnection):    def __init__(self, username, password):        super().__init__()        # do login stuff, get access token        # update inherited session with authorization headers        self.session.headers.update({"Access-Token": access_token})        self.profile = Profile(profile_data) # set up profile objectclass Profile:    def __init__(self, profile_data):        pass    # this is where I would like to get access to the session that User inherited from APIConnection    # so that I might call Profile-related functions like this through composition    def edit_profile(self):        self.api_call()    def remove_avatar(self):        self.api_call()# My endgoal is so the user can write stuff like:user = User("username", "password")user.profile.edit_profile()user.profile.remove_avatar()# which would only be possible if Profile could share the APIConnection object that User created我是 OO 编程的新手，想不出一种干净的方法来做到这一点。我希望创建的Profile实例User也可以访问继承的实例，APIConnection而不必重新创建它或做任何奇怪的事情。

Answer 1

是的，在静态语言中，您可以让您的Profiletake 引用 anAPIConnection并且编译器将强制执行该接口。

使用 python，您可以进行单元测试，该测试实际通过APIConnection，然后User将捕获对方法的任何调用。

事实上你可以这样做：

class User(APIConnection):

    def __init__(self, username, password):

        super().__init__()

        # do login stuff, get access token

        # update inherited session with authorization headers

        self.session.headers.update({"Access-Token": access_token})

        self.profile = Profile(self, profile_data) # set up profile object

class Profile:

    def __init__(self, api, profile_data):

        self.api = api

    def edit_profile(self):

        self.api.api_call()

    def remove_avatar(self):

        self.api.api_call()