如何使用 BeautifulSoup 获得与正则表达式相同的结果？

Question

我正在尝试提取从urldata-src-mp3生成的属性的所有值（它们是链接）。content1该链接包含在<a class="hwd_sound sound audio_play_button icon-volume-up ptr" title="Pronunciation for " data-src-mp3="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/sounds/hwd_sounds/EN-GB-W0037420.mp3" data-lang="en_GB"></a>.一种方法是使用正则表达式'data-src-mp3="(.*?)"'import requestssession = requests.Session()from bs4 import BeautifulSoupimport reheaders = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:78.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/78.0'}url = 'https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english-french/graduate'r = session.get(url, headers = headers)           soup = BeautifulSoup(r.content, 'html.parser')content1 = soup.select_one('.cB.cB-def.dictionary.biling').contentsoutput = re.findall('data-src-mp3="(.*?)"', str(content1))print(output)结果是['https://www.collinsdictionary.com/sounds/hwd_sounds/EN-GB-W0037420.mp3', 'https://www.collinsdictionary.com/sounds/hwd_sounds/FR-W0037420.mp3', 'https://www.collinsdictionary.com/sounds/hwd_sounds/FR-W0071410.mp3', 'https://www.collinsdictionary.com/sounds/hwd_sounds/fr_bachelier.mp3', 'https://www.collinsdictionary.com/sounds/hwd_sounds/63854.mp3']我想问一下如何使用BeautifulSoup和结构<a class="hwd_sound sound audio_play_button icon-volume-up ptr" title="Pronunciation for " data-src-mp3="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/sounds/hwd_sounds/EN-GB-W0037420.mp3" data-lang="en_GB"></a>来获得相同的结果而无需循环。太感谢了！

Answer 1

您可以在使用时组合选择器.select：

mp3s = [tag.attrs['data-src-mp3'] for tag in soup.select('.cB.cB-def.dictionary.biling [data-src-mp3]')]

或者

mp3s = list(map(lambda tag: tag.attrs['data-src-mp3'],

                soup.select('.cB.cB-def.dictionary.biling [data-src-mp3]')))

[data-src-mp3]仅选择具有data-src-mp3属性（具有任何值）的元素。

'data-src-mp3'在一个地方做一个小改动：

mp3_tag = 'data-src-mp3'

mp3s = list(map(lambda tag: tag.attrs[mp3_tag],

                soup.select('.cB.cB-def.dictionary.biling [{}]'.format(mp3_tag))))

这个解决方案乍一看可能更吓人，但比依赖错误的工具（例如解析 HTML 时的正则表达式）要好得多。