如何使用 Chromedriver 和 Selenium Python 在 Instagram

Question

这是经过检查的源代码input aria-label="Phone number, username, or email" aria-required="true" autocapitalize="off" autocorrect="off" maxlength="75" name="username" type="text" class="_2hvTZ pexuQ zyHYP" value=""我试过这段代码运行driver = webdriver.Chrome()driver.get('https://www.instagram.com/')driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@name=\"username\"]").send_keys(username)driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@name=\"password\"]").send_keys(pw)driver.find_element_by_xpath('//button[@type="submit"]').click()但是有这样的错误selenium.common.exceptions.NoSuchElementException: Message: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"xpath","selector":"//input[@name="username"]"}  (Session info: chrome=83.0.4103.61)我的 chromedriver 和 chrome 版本匹配，并按照说明查找元素。为什么会出现此错误？

Answer 1

Instagram应用程序是通过React元素构建的。因此，在您开始搜索登录元素时调用 url 之后，您将面临NoSuchElementException

---

解决方案

要使用一组有效的凭据在Instagram中登录，您需要引入WebDriverWait并且element_to_be_clickable()您可以使用以下 定位器策略：

使用XPATH：

driver.get("https://www.instagram.com/")

WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, "//input[@name='username']"))).send_keys("username")

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//input[@name='password']").send_keys("password")

driver.find_element_by_xpath("//button/div[text()='Log In']").click()

注意：您必须添加以下导入：

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

浏览器快照：

Answer 2

观察打开 instagram 主页时，它会在登录表单上显示微调器片刻，然后显示字段。因此，您需要在脚本中管理同步。

在您的代码中使用显式等待，直到所需字段准备好进行交互。

username = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//input[@name='username']")))

username.send_keys('username')

password = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//input[@name='password']")))

password.send_keys('pw')

需要导入以下包

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

Answer 3

试试下面的代码：

driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get('https://www.instagram.com/')

txt_user = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.NAME, 'username')))

txt_user.send_keys('yourUserName')

txt_pwd = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.NAME, 'password')))

txt_pwd.send_keys('yourPassword')

btn_submit = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'button[type="submit"]')))

btn_submit.click()

导入后：

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

Answer 4

from selenium import webdriver

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

driver = webdriver.Chrome()  

driver.get('https://www.instagram.com/')

element = WebDriverWait(driver, 2).until(

    EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "//input[@name=\"username\"]"))

)

element.sendkeys('user')