现在我有一个程序可以将文件从 SOURCE 文件夹中的子目录移动到 DESTINATION 文件夹中的子目录。这些文件包含如下信息： 移动前的文件内容。现在，在从 SOURCE 到 DESTINATION 的移动过程中，我想在 2 个地方修改移动文件。我想复制时间并将其粘贴为时间下的 TimeDif。类型保持为 Y，值必须是当前时间 - Time 的值。我想修改 Power * 10 的值。如果 Power 的值 =< 1000，则类型保持为 N，否则类型为 Power = Y因此，在文件从 SOURCE 移动到 DESTINATION 后，它必须如下所示：移动后的文件内容。这是我现在用于移动文件的代码，所有移动工作都很顺利。就是想修改文件内容的时候不知道从何下手：import os, os.pathimport time#Make source, destination and archive paths.source = r'c:\data\AS\Desktop\Source'destination = r'c:\data\AS\Desktop\Destination'archive = r'c:\data\AS\Desktop\Archive'#Make directory paths and make sure to consider only directories under source.for subdir in os.listdir(source): subdir_path = os.path.join(source, subdir) if not os.path.isdir(subdir_path): continue#Now we want to get the absolute paths of the files inside those directories #and store them in a list. all_file_paths = [os.path.join(subdir_path, file) for file in os.listdir(subdir_path)] all_file_paths = [p for p in all_file_paths if os.path.isfile(p)]#Exclude empty sub-directories if len(all_file_paths) == 0: continue#Get only the newest files of those directories. newest_file_paths = max(all_file_paths, key=os.path.getctime)#Now we are selecting the files which will be moved#and make a destination path for them. for file_path in all_file_paths: if file_path == newest_file_paths and os.path.getctime(newest_file_paths) < time.time() - 120: dst_root = destination else: dst_root = archive#Now its time to make the move. dst_path = os.path.join(dst_root, subdir, os.path.basename(file_path)) os.rename(file_path, dst_path
3 回答
Qyouu
TA贡献1786条经验 获得超11个赞
如果文件很小，那么您可以简单地而不是移动文件：
从所有文件中读取信息
找到要替换的数据
将新数据写入源目录中的文件
删除旧文件
就像是
def move_file(file_path, dst_path):
with open(file_path, "r") as input_file, open(dst_path, "w") as output_file:
for line in input_file:
if <line meets criteria to modify>:
<modify_line>
print(line, file=output_file)
for <data> in <additional_data>:
print(<data>, file=output_file)
# remove the old file
os.remove(file_path)
然后代替原始代码中的 os.rename 调用 move_file 函数
#Now we are selecting the files which will be moved
#and make a destination path for them.
for file_path in all_file_paths:
if file_path == newest_file_paths and os.path.getctime(newest_file_paths) < time.time() - 120:
dst_root = destination
else:
dst_root = archive
#Now its time to make the move.
dst_path = os.path.join(dst_root, subdir, os.path.basename(file_path))
move_file(file_path, dst_path)
你可以这样实现
import os
import time
from datetime import datetime
SOURCE = r'c:\data\AS\Desktop\Source'
DESTINATION = r'c:\data\AS\Desktop\Destination'
ARCHIVE = r'c:\data\AS\Desktop\Archive'
def get_time_difference(date, time_string):
"""
You may want to modify this logic to change the way the time difference is calculated.
"""
time_difference = datetime.now() - datetime.strptime(f"{date} {time_string}", "%d-%m-%Y %H:%M")
hours = time_difference.total_seconds() // 3600
minutes = (time_difference.total_seconds() % 3600) // 60
return f"{int(hours)}:{int(minutes)}"
def move_and_transform_file(file_path, dst_path, delimiter="\t"):
"""
Reads the data from the old file, writes it into the new file and then
deletes the old file.
"""
with open(file_path, "r") as input_file, open(dst_path, "w") as output_file:
data = {
"Date": None,
"Time": None,
"Power": None,
}
time_difference_seen = False
for line in input_file:
(line_id, item, line_type, value) = line.strip().split()
if item in data:
data[item] = value
if not time_difference_seen and data["Date"] is not None and data["Time"] is not None:
time_difference = get_time_difference(data["Date"], data["Time"])
time_difference_seen = True
print(delimiter.join([line_id, "TimeDif", line_type, time_difference]), file=output_file)
if item == "Power":
value = str(int(value) * 10)
print(delimiter.join((line_id, item, line_type, value)), file=output_file)
os.remove(file_path)
def process_files(all_file_paths, newest_file_path, subdir):
"""
For each file, decide where to send it, then perform the transformation.
"""
for file_path in all_file_paths:
if file_path == newest_file_path and os.path.getctime(newest_file_path) < time.time() - 120:
dst_root = DESTINATION
else:
dst_root = ARCHIVE
dst_path = os.path.join(dst_root, subdir, os.path.basename(file_path))
move_and_transform_file(file_path, dst_path)
def main():
"""
Gather the files from the directories and then process them.
"""
for subdir in os.listdir(SOURCE):
subdir_path = os.path.join(SOURCE, subdir)
if not os.path.isdir(subdir_path):
continue
all_file_paths = [
os.path.join(subdir_path, p)
for p in os.listdir(subdir_path)
if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(subdir_path, p))
]
if all_file_paths:
newest_path = max(all_file_paths, key=os.path.getctime)
process_files(all_file_paths, newest_path, subdir)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
泛舟湖上清波郎朗
TA贡献1818条经验 获得超3个赞
您的代码肯定只是在修改文件而不是移动它们？我想移动和修改它们。顺便说一句，如果我尝试将您的代码插入我的代码，我会得到一个无效的语法。
import os
import time
from datetime import datetime
SOURCE = r'c:\data\AS\Desktop\Source'
DESTINATION = r'c:\data\AS\Desktop\Destination'
ARCHIVE = r'c:\data\AS\Desktop\Archive'
def get_time_difference(date, time_string):
"""
You may want to modify this logic to change the way the time difference is calculated.
"""
time_difference = datetime.now() - datetime.strptime(f"{date} {time_string}", "%d-%m-%Y %H:%M")
hours = time_difference.total_seconds() // 3600
minutes = (time_difference.total_seconds() % 3600) // 60
return f"{int(hours)}:{int(minutes)}"
def move_and_transform_file(file_path, dst_path, delimiter="\t"):
"""
Reads the data from the old file, writes it into the new file and then
deletes the old file.
"""
with open(file_path, "r") as input_file, open(dst_path, "w") as output_file:
data = {
"Date": None,
"Time": None,
"Power": None,
}
time_difference_seen = False
for line in input_file:
(line_id, item, line_type, value) = line.strip().split()
if item in data:
data[item] = value
if not time_difference_seen and data["Date"] is not None and data["Time"] is not None:
time_difference = get_time_difference(data["Date"], data["Time"])
time_difference_seen = True
print(delimiter.join([line_id, "TimeDif", line_type, time_difference]), file=output_file)
if item == "Power":
value = str(int(value) * 10)
print(delimiter.join((line_id, item, line_type, value)), file=output_file)
os.remove(file_path)
def process_files(all_file_paths, newest_file_path, subdir):
"""
For each file, decide where to send it, then perform the transformation.
"""
for file_path in all_file_paths:
if file_path == newest_file_path and os.path.getctime(newest_file_path) < time.time() - 120:
dst_root = DESTINATION
else:
dst_root = ARCHIVE
dst_path = os.path.join(dst_root, subdir, os.path.basename(file_path))
move_and_transform_file(file_path, dst_path)
def main():
"""
Gather the files from the directories and then process them.
"""
for subdir in os.listdir(SOURCE):
subdir_path = os.path.join(SOURCE, subdir)
if not os.path.isdir(subdir_path):
continue
all_file_paths = [
os.path.join(subdir_path, p)
for p in os.listdir(subdir_path)
if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(subdir_path, p))
]
if all_file_paths:
newest_path = max(all_file_paths, key=os.path.getctime)
process_files(all_file_paths, newest_path, subdir)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
慕斯709654
TA贡献1840条经验 获得超5个赞
你不能修改移动它的方式。你首先必须移动它然后你才能做你的工作。为此，您可以将文件的最终目的地（包括名称中的子目录）存储在一个数组中，稍后对其进行迭代以打开文件并完成您的工作。
这是一个最小的例子
def changeFile(fileName):
# do your desired work here
pass
files = ["dir/subdir1/file1", "dir/file"]
for file in files:
os.rename(file, newPath)
changeFile(newPath)
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