docker multi-stage build Go image - x509：

Question

我尝试建立去私人公司网络使用的图像码头工人多阶段构建:FROM golang:latest as builderWORKDIR /appCOPY go.mod go.sum ./RUN go mod downloadCOPY . .RUN  GO111MODULE="on" CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -o main ${MAIN_PATH}FROM alpine:latestLABEL maintainer="Kozmo"RUN apk add --no-cache bashWORKDIR /appCOPY --from=builder /app/main .EXPOSE 8080CMD ["./main"]并得到x509: certificate signed by unknown authority错误Step 1/13 : FROM golang:latest as builder ---> 2421885b04daStep 2/13 : WORKDIR /app ---> Using cache ---> 6555644dbd16Step 3/13 : COPY go.mod go.sum ./ ---> 55d45a30f492Step 4/13 : RUN go mod download ---> Running in 88c21c6b4fabgo: github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go/v4@v4.0.0-preview1: Get "https://proxy.golang.org/github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go/v4/@v/v4.0.0-preview1.mod": x509: certificate signed by unknown authorityThe command '/bin/sh -c go mod download' returned a non-zero code: 1make: *** [docker] Error 1

Answer 1

git用于curl访问https服务器，因此您需要将证书导入CA store系统。

解决方法是GIT_SSL_NO_VERIFY=1在你的 Agent 环境变量上定义环境变量，但是在使用go get或go mod download😭时不起作用。

要在系统 CA 存储上导入证书，过程取决于您必须使用的操作系统openssl。

例如

FROM golang:latest as builder

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y ca-certificates openssl

ARG cert_location=/usr/local/share/ca-certificates

# Get certificate from "github.com"

RUN openssl s_client -showcerts -connect github.com:443 </dev/null 2>/dev/null|openssl x509 -outform PEM > ${cert_location}/github.crt

# Get certificate from "proxy.golang.org"

RUN openssl s_client -showcerts -connect proxy.golang.org:443 </dev/null 2>/dev/null|openssl x509 -outform PEM >  ${cert_location}/proxy.golang.crt

# Update certificates

RUN update-ca-certificates

WORKDIR /app

COPY go.mod go.sum ./

RUN go mod download

COPY . .

RUN  GO111MODULE="on" CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -o main ${MAIN_PATH}

FROM alpine:latest

LABEL maintainer="Kozmo"

RUN apk add --no-cache bash

WORKDIR /app

COPY --from=builder /app/main .

EXPOSE 8080

CMD ["./main"]

docker image build输出👇🏼

...

Step 5/19 : RUN openssl s_client -showcerts -connect github.com:443 </dev/null 2>/dev/null|openssl x509 -outform PEM > ${cert_location}/github.crt

 ---> Running in bb797e26d4b4

Removing intermediate container bb797e26d4b4

 ---> 6c68ddafd884

Step 6/19 : RUN openssl s_client -showcerts -connect proxy.golang.org:443 </dev/null 2>/dev/null|openssl x509 -outform PEM >  ${cert_location}/proxy.golang.crt

 ---> Running in 61f59939d75e

Removing intermediate container 61f59939d75e

 ---> 72d2b03b11e6

Step 7/19 : RUN update-ca-certificates

 ---> Running in 6cf9aa248776

Updating certificates in /etc/ssl/certs...

2 added, 0 removed; done. 👈🏻 'certificates updated'

...

Step 8/18 : COPY go.mod go.sum ./

 ---> 436263b76050

Step 9/18 : RUN go mod download 👈🏻 'works fine'

 ---> Running in 2387c78147db

Removing intermediate container 2387c78147db

 ---> a37c05c2b531

Step 10/18 : COPY . .

 ---> 01b49c388f59

...

Answer 2

应对自我证明 ( .crt) 有帮助

1️⃣ 添加.crt到必填项dir

.

└── backend

    ├── Dockerfile

    ├── Makefile

    ├── cmd

    │   └── main.go

    ├── etc

    │   ├── ssl

    │   │   └── github.crt #❗️a copy of the self certificate 

2️⃣ COPY'builder'-container 的证书

FROM golang:latest as builder

COPY  etc/ssl/ /etc/ssl/certs/ #❗️add certificates to the container 

WORKDIR /app

COPY go.mod go.sum ./

RUN go mod download

Answer 3

我会建议几件事：

• 在与最终代码映像相同的操作系统发行版中构建您的代码，以便您确定您的代码将在该特定发行版中运行。此外，某些发行版要求证书位于不同的文件夹中，因此请注意这一点。

• 对第一个图像使用 alpine 将大大减少您的构建时间。您可以在这里 latest看到大小约为 260M，但alpine约为 100M。

• 最好使用特定版本的 alpine，这样您就可以确保您的代码在该版本中运行（我让您自行决定）

• Golang 非常强大的一点是你可以在一个名为 的空 docker 镜像中运行它scratch，这意味着你最终的 docker 镜像不包含你自己的可执行文件。

• 如果您需要自己的证书，则必须将它们包含在代码中并在执行之前复制它们，update-ca-certificates以便它们包含在最终文件中

这是我上面解释的 dockerfile 的示例

FROM golang:alpine as builder

WORKDIR /app

# This will download all certificates (ca-certificates) and builds it in a

# single file under /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt (update-ca-certificates)

# I also add git so that we can download with `go mod download` and

# tzdata to configure timezone in final image

RUN apk --update add --no-cache ca-certificates openssl git tzdata && \

update-ca-certificates

COPY go.mod go.sum ./

RUN go mod download

COPY . .

RUN  GO111MODULE="on" CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -o main ${MAIN_PATH}

# Golang can run in a scratch image, so that, the only thing that your docker 

# image contains is your executable

FROM scratch

LABEL maintainer="Kozmo"

COPY --from=builder /usr/share/zoneinfo /usr/share/zoneinfo

# This line will copy all certificates to final image

COPY --from=builder /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt /etc/ssl/certs/

WORKDIR /app

COPY --from=builder /app/main .

EXPOSE 8080

CMD ["./main"]

如果自己的证书将第一个 docker 阶段替换为：

FROM golang:alpine as builder

WORKDIR /app

RUN apk --update add --no-cache ca-certificates openssl git tzdata

COPY your/cert/path /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/your-cert-name

RUN update-ca-certificates

COPY go.mod go.sum ./

RUN go mod download

COPY . .

RUN  GO111MODULE="on" CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -o main ${MAIN_PATH}

因为您使用自己的证书，所以您的最终证书Dockerfile将如下所示：

FROM golang:alpine as builder

WORKDIR /app

RUN apk --update add --no-cache ca-certificates openssl git tzdata

COPY your/cert/path /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/your-cert-name

RUN update-ca-certificates

COPY go.mod go.sum ./

RUN go mod download

COPY . .

RUN  GO111MODULE="on" CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -o main ${MAIN_PATH}

FROM scratch

LABEL maintainer="Kozmo"

COPY --from=builder /usr/share/zoneinfo /usr/share/zoneinfo

# This line will copy all certificates to final image

COPY --from=builder /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt /etc/ssl/certs/

WORKDIR /app

COPY --from=builder /app/main .

EXPOSE 8080

CMD ["./main"]

如果您有任何疑问，请随时问我：）

Answer 4

从你的错误信息

获取“https://proxy.golang.org/github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go/v4/@v/v4.0.0-preview1.mod”：x509：未知权威签署的证书

看起来 proxy.golang.org 的 CA 根不是您的私有 corp docker 环境中受信任的根 CA 的一部分。

我会尝试安装它：

1 - 从 proxy.golang.org 获取证书：

echo -n | openssl s_client -connect proxy.golang.org:443 | sed -ne '/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE-/,/-END CERTIFICATE-/p' > ./golang.cer

如果你打开 golang.cer 你应该看到证书链

2 - 将其安装在您信任的根 CA 中：

certutil.exe -addstore root golang.cer

...或在 Mac 上：

2a - 双击证书文件（带有“.cer”扩展名）

2b - 从钥匙串选项中选择“系统”。然后按“确定”

2c - 弹出以下窗口时，单击“始终信任”按钮。