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TA贡献1804条经验 获得超2个赞
您有几个问题包含在一个问题中,使您的问题对于本网站来说有点宽泛,但让我们分解您的问题:
创建一个具有不同难度级别的问题类。让我们称这个类Question和难度级别,Difficulty
创建一个类,将这些问题保存在一个或多个集合中,并允许用户从这个类中请求一个随机问题。让我们调用这个类QuestionCollection和用于请求随机问题的方法public Question getRandomQuestion(...)。
让用户有自己的进步水平。这可以是User类
可能从请求中收到的问题的分布getRandomQuestion(...)将取决于用户的进步水平
所以首先要封装难度级别,让我们创建一个枚举,它有 3 个(或更多)级别:
public enum Difficulty {
EASY, MEDIUM, HARD
}
然后 Question 类可以有一个private Difficulty difficulty;字段,在其构造函数中设置一个字段,并使用公共 getter 方法public Difficulty getDifficulty()。简化的 Question 类可能如下所示:
public class Question {
private String question;
private String answer;
private Difficulty difficulty;
public Question(String question, String answer, Difficulty difficulty) {
this.question = question;
this.answer = answer;
this.difficulty = difficulty;
}
public String getQuestion() {
return question;
}
public String getAnswer() {
return answer;
}
public Difficulty getDifficulty() {
return difficulty;
}
}
同样,这一切都过于简单化了,但它可以用来帮助说明问题和可能的解决方案。如果需要,您可以让此类实现Comparable<Question>,并使用难度来帮助进行比较,并允许您List<Question>按难度对 a 进行排序。
那么所有这一切的关键将是QuestionCollection类,它拥有问题的集合并拥有getRandomQuestion(...)方法——如何实现这一点。
一种方法是,在这一点上,与其担心用户的进步水平,不如给getRandomQuestion(...)方法一些参数,让QuestionCollection他们知道要使用什么分布。在我看来,最简单的方法是给它一个相对的难度频率,一个, 和的百分比Difficulty.EASY,例如:Difficulty.MEDIUMDifficulty.HARD
public Question getRandomQuestion(int percentEasy, int percentMedium, int percentHard) {
// ... code here to get the random question
}
好的,现在我们正在讨论如何构建类的内部工作QuestionCollection,然后使用它来根据参数百分比获得随机问题的正确分布。可能最简单的方法是将一个问题放入它自己的列表中,例如基于其难度级别的 ArrayList - 所以这里有 3 个列表,一个用于 EASY,一个用于 MEDIUM,一个用于 HARD 问题。
所以:
private List<Question> easyQuestions = new ArrayList<>();
private List<Question> mediumQuestions = new ArrayList<>();
private List<Question> hardQuestions = new ArrayList<>();
或者另一个可能更清洁的解决方案是使用一个Map<Difficulty, List<Question>>而不是单独的列表,但我现在将保持简单并将其保留为 3 个列表。
然后该类将有一个public void addQuestion(Question q)方法可以根据难度级别将问题添加到正确的列表中:
public void addQuestion(Question q) {
switch (q.getDifficulty()) {
case EASY:
easyQuestions.add(q);
break;
case MEDIUM:
mediumQuestions.add(q);
break;
case HARD:
hardQuestions.add(q);
}
}
好的,所以我们的列表充满了问题,我们现在的核心问题是如何获得正确的随机分布?我会推荐一个两步过程——首先使用Math.random()Random 类的一个实例来选择从哪个列表中获取问题,然后使用随机化从所选列表中选择一个随机问题。
所以第一步,获取随机列表可能如下所示:
// declare variable before the if blocks
List<Question> randomList = null;
// get a random int from 0 to 99
int rand = (int) (100 * Math.random());
// get the random list using basic math and if blocks
if (rand < percentEasy) {
randomList = easyQuestions;
} else if (rand < percentEasy + percentMedium) {
randomList = mediumQuestions;
} else {
randomList = hardQuestions;
}
OK,一旦获得了 randomList,然后从中获取一个随机问题:
// first get a random index to the list from 0 to < size
int size = randomList.size();
int listIndex = (int)(size * Math.random());
Question randomQuestion = randomList.get(listIndex);
return randomQuestion;
整个QuestionCollection类(简化版)可能如下所示:
// imports here
public class QuestionCollection {
private List<Question> easyQuestions = new ArrayList<>();
private List<Question> mediumQuestions = new ArrayList<>();
private List<Question> hardQuestions = new ArrayList<>();
public void addQuestion(Question q) {
switch (q.getDifficulty()) {
case EASY:
easyQuestions.add(q);
break;
case MEDIUM:
mediumQuestions.add(q);
break;
case HARD:
hardQuestions.add(q);
}
}
public Question getRandomQuestion(int percentEasy, int percentMedium, int percentHard) {
// if the numbers don't add up to 100, the distribution is broken -- throw an exception
if (percentEasy + percentMedium + percentHard != 100) {
String format = "For percentEasy: %d, percentMedium: %d, percentHard: %d";
String text = String.format(format, percentEasy, percentMedium, percentHard);
throw new IllegalArgumentException(text);
}
List<Question> randomList = null;
int rand = (int) (100 * Math.random());
if (rand < percentEasy) {
randomList = easyQuestions;
} else if (rand < percentEasy + percentMedium) {
randomList = mediumQuestions;
} else {
randomList = hardQuestions;
}
// we've now selected the correct List
// now get a random question from the list:
// first get a random index to the list from 0 to < size
int size = randomList.size();
int listIndex = (int)(size * Math.random());
Question randomQuestion = randomList.get(listIndex);
return randomQuestion;
}
}
因此,为了测试概念证明,一个测试程序显示该分布有效:
// imports
public class QuestionFun {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// create QuestionCollection object
QuestionCollection questionCollection = new QuestionCollection();
// fill it with questions with random difficulty
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
String question = "Question #" + i;
String answer = "Answer #" + i;
int randomIndex = (int) (Difficulty.values().length * Math.random());
Difficulty difficulty = Difficulty.values()[randomIndex];
Question q = new Question(question, answer, difficulty);
questionCollection.addQuestion(q);
}
Map<Difficulty, Integer> frequencyDistMap = new EnumMap<>(Difficulty.class);
for (Difficulty diff : Difficulty.values()) {
frequencyDistMap.put(diff, 0);
}
int easyPercent = 20;
int mediumPercent = 70;
int hardPercent = 10;
int questionCount = 10000;
for (int i = 0; i < questionCount; i++) {
Question q = questionCollection.getRandomQuestion(easyPercent, mediumPercent, hardPercent);
Difficulty difficulty = q.getDifficulty();
int currentCount = frequencyDistMap.get(difficulty);
currentCount++;
frequencyDistMap.put(difficulty, currentCount);
}
System.out.println("Difficulty: Count (Percent)");
String format = "%-12s %4d (%02d)%n";
for (Difficulty difficulty : Difficulty.values()) {
int number = frequencyDistMap.get(difficulty);
int percent = (int) Math.round((100.0 * number) / questionCount);
System.out.printf(format, difficulty + ":", number, percent);
}
}
}
返回原始分布百分比:
Difficulty: Count (Percent)
EASY: 200325 (20)
MEDIUM: 699341 (70)
HARD: 100334 (10)
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