将 PHP 日期格式转换为 Javascript 日期格式的函数（不是日期本身！）

Question

我正在寻找将 PHP 日期格式（即 Ymd H:i:s）转换为 javascript 日期格式（分别为 YYYY-mm-dd HH:mm:ss）的简单方法。我不想转换日期（这个问题已经有答案了），我正在寻找工具/函数来转换格式代码（我还不知道，因为它是由用户在应用程序中定义的） .用户可以用 PHP date() 定义的不同方式来定义它，即“Y/m/d H:i”或“Ydm Hi”，在 javascript 中显示日期时我需要使用相同的格式。你知道有什么现成的转换函数来制作它吗？<?php$timeformat_php = "H:i:s"; //just defined by the user$time_universal = date( $timeformat_php, strtotime( $time_php ) );echo date($timeformat_php, $time_universal); //print as defined by user?><script>var timeformatPhp = '<?php echo $timeformat_php ?>';var timeformatJavascript = functionThatIamLookingFor (timeformatPhp);alert(moment($time_universal).format(timeformatJavascript); //printed again the way user defined</script>任何帮助将不胜感激。谢谢。

Answer 1

如果您要使用 PHP 格式化标记来格式化 ECMAScript 日期对象，那么类似以下内容可能会有所帮助。它支持除时区名称之外的所有标记。我认为你不能仅仅在浏览器中使用 javascript 来可靠地做到这一点，尽管像 node.js 这样的东西可能能够做到。

有一些功能可以使用，例如是否遵守夏令时以及生成 RFC 2822 格式字符串，但我认为它们很容易添加。它支持带引号的字符，因此您可以构建如下字符串：

P.format(date, 'jS \\o\\f F, Y') // 1st of August, 2019

任何与标记不匹配的字符都被复制到输出字符串（例如上面的空格和逗号）。

// Parser and formatter using PHP tokens

let P = function(global) {

  let P = {lang: 'en-GB'};

  // Format tokens and functions

  let tokens = {

  

    // DAY

    // day of month, pad to 2 digits

    d: d => pad(d.getDate()),

    // Day name, first 3 letters

    D: d => getDayName(d).substr(0,3),

    // day of month, no padding

    j: d => d.getDate(),

    // Full day name

    l: d => getDayName(d),

    // ISO weekday number (1 = Monday ... 7 = Sunday)

    N: d => d.getDay() || 7,

    // Ordinal suffix for day of the month

    S: d => getOrdinal(d.getDate()),

    // Weekday number (0 = Sunday, 6 = Saturday)

    w: d => d.getDay(),

    // Day of year, 1 Jan is 0

    z: d => {

      let Y = d.getFullYear(),

          M = d.getMonth(),

          D = d.getDate();

      return Math.floor((Date.UTC(Y, M, D) - Date.UTC(Y, 0, 1)) / 8.64e7) ;

    },

    // ISO week number of year

    W: d => getWeekNumber(d)[1],

    // Full month name

    F: d => getMonthName(d),

    // Month number, padded

    m: d => pad(d.getMonth() + 1),

    // 3 letter month name

    M: d => getMonthName(d).substr(0, 3),

    // Month number, no pading

    n: d => d.getMonth() + 1,

    // Days in month

    t: d => new Date(d.getFullYear(), d.getMonth() + 1, 0).getDate(),

    // Return 1 if d is a leap year, otherwise 0

    L: d => new Date(d.getFullYear(), 1, 29).getDate() == 29? 1 : 0,

    // ISO week numbering year

    o: d => getWeekNumber(d)[0],

    // 4 digit year

    Y: d => {

      let year = d.getFullYear();

      if (year < 0) {

        year = '-' + ('000' + Math.abs(year)).slice(-4);

      }

      return year;

    },

    // 2 digit year

    y: d => {

      let year = d.getFullYear();

      if (year >= 0) {

        return ('0' + year).slice(-2);

      } else {

        year = Math.abs(year);

        return - + ('0' + year).slice(-2);

      }

    },

    // Lowercase am or pm

    a: d => d.getHours() < 12? 'am' : 'pm',

    // Uppercase AM or PM

    A: d => d.getHours() < 12? 'AM' : 'PM',

    // Swatch internet time

    B: d => (((+d + 3.6e6) % 8.64e7) / 8.64e4).toFixed(0),

    // 12 hour hour no padding

    g: d => (d.getHours() % 12) || 12,

    // 24 hour hour no padding

    G: d => d.getHours(),

    // 12 hour hour padded

    h: d => pad((d.getHours() % 12) || 12),

    // 24 hour hour padded

    H: d => pad(d.getHours()),

    // Minutes padded

    i: d => pad(d.getMinutes()),

    // Seconds padded

    s: d => pad(d.getSeconds()),

    // Microseconds padded - always returns 000000

    u: d => '000000',

    // Milliseconds

    v: d => padd(d.getMilliseconds()),

    // Timezone identifier: UTC, GMT or IANA Tz database identifier - Not supported

    e: d => void 0,

    // If in daylight saving: 1 yes, 0 no

    I: d => d.getTimezoneOffset() == getOffsets(d)[0]? 0 : 1,

    // Difference to GMT in hours, e.g. +0200

    O: d => minsToHours(-d.getTimezoneOffset(), false),

    // Difference to GMT in hours with colon, e.g. +02:00

    P: d => minsToHours(-d.getTimezoneOffset(), true),

    // Timezone abbreviation, e.g. AEST. Dodgy but may work…

    T: d => d.toLocaleString('en',{year:'numeric',timeZoneName:'long'}).replace(/[^A-Z]/g, ''),

    // Timezone offset in seconds, +ve east

    Z: d => d.getTimezoneOffset() * -60,

    

    // ISO 8601 format - UTC

    // c: d => d.getUTCFullYear() + '-' + pad(d.getUTCMonth() + 1) + '-' + pad(d.getUTCDate()) +

    //        'T' + pad(d.getUTCHours()) + ':' + pad(d.getUTCMinutes()) + ':' + pad(d.getUTCSeconds()) +

    //        '+00:00',

    

    // ISO 8601 format - local

    c: d => P.format(d, 'Y-m-d\\TH:i:sP'),

    // RFC 2822 formatted date, local timezone

    r: d => P.format(d, 'D, d M Y H:i:s O'),

    // Seconds since UNIX epoch (same as ECMAScript epoch)

    U: d => d.getTime() / 1000 | 0

  };

  

  // Helpers

  // Return day name for date

  let getDayName = d => d.toLocaleString(P.lang, {weekday:'long'});

  // Return month name for date

  let getMonthName = d => d.toLocaleString(P.lang, {month:'long'});

  // Return [std offest, DST offset]. If no DST, same offset for both

  let getOffsets = d => {

    let y = d.getFullYear();

    let offsets = [0, 2, 5, 9].map(m => new Date(y, m).getTimezoneOffset());

    return [Math.max(...offsets), Math.min(...offsets)];

  }  

  // Return ordinal for positive integer

  let getOrdinal = n => {

    n = n % 100;

    let ords = ['th','st','nd','rd'];

    return (n < 10 || n > 13) ? ords[n%10] || 'th' : 'th';

  };

  // Return ISO week number and year

  let getWeekNumber = d => {

    let e = new Date(Date.UTC(d.getFullYear(), d.getMonth(), d.getDate()));

    e.setUTCDate(e.getUTCDate() + 4 - (e.getUTCDay()||7));

    var yearStart = new Date(Date.UTC(e.getUTCFullYear(),0,1));

    var weekNo = Math.ceil(( ( (e - yearStart) / 86400000) + 1)/7);

    return [e.getUTCFullYear(), weekNo];

  };

  // Return true if o is a Date, otherwise false

  let isDate = o => Object.prototype.toString.call(o) == '[object Date]';

  // Convert numeric minutes to +/-HHMM or +/-HH:MM

  let minsToHours = (mins, colon) => {

    let sign = mins < 0? '-' : '+';

    mins = Math.abs(mins);

    let H = pad(mins / 60 | 0);

    let M = pad(mins % 60);

    return sign + H + (colon? ':' : '') + M;

  };

  // Pad single digits with a leading zero

  let pad = n => (n < 10? '0' : '') + n;

  // Pad single digits with two leading zeros, double digits with one leading zero

  let padd = n => (n < 10? '00' : n < 100? '0' : '') + n;

  // To be completed...

  let parse = s => 'not complete';

  P.parse = parse;

  

  // Format date using token string s

  function format(date, s) {

    // Minimal input validation

    if (!isDate(date) || typeof s != 'string') {

      return; // undefined

    }

    return s.split('').reduce((acc, c, i, chars) => {

      // Add quoted characters to output

      if (c == '\\') {

        acc += chars.splice(i+1, 1);

      // If character matches a token, use it

      } else if (c in tokens) {

        acc += tokens[c](date);

      // Otherwise, just add character to output

      } else {

        acc += c;

      }

      return acc;

    }, '');

  }

  P.format = format;

  

  return P;

}(this);

// Examples

console.log('Today is ' + P.format(new Date(), 'l, jS \\o\\f F, Y'));

let startPWars = new Date(-431,3,25);

let endPWars   = new Date(-404,0);

console.log('The Peloponnesian Wars started on ' + 

  P.format(startPWars, 'd F, Y') +

  ' and ended in ' +

  P.format(endPWars, 'Y'));

function showDate() {

  let format = document.getElementById('i0').value;

  document.getElementById('sp0').textContent = P.format(new Date(), format) || 'invalid tokens';

}

<input id="i0" placeholder="PHP format, e.g. d-M-Y">

<button onclick="showDate()">Show formatted date</button>

<br>

<span id="sp0"></span>