课堂上的其他键值对？

Question

我是 python 的绝对初学者。我想知道我是否可以在 Class() 中使用额外的键值对？class Users():       def __init__(self, first_name, last_name, **others):            for key, value in others.items():               self.key = value             self.first = first_name            self.last = last_name         def describe_user(self):              print("The user's first name is " + self.first)             print("The user's last name is " + self.last)               for key, value in others.items():                 print("The user's " + key + " is " + value)user1 = Users('Joseph', 'Wilson', age = '18', location = 'California')  print(user1.location)   user1.describe_user()错误：AttributeError: 'Users' object has no attribute 'location'   NameError: name 'others' is not defined

Answer 1

代替

self.key = value

你想用

setattr(self, key, value)

来设置属性。

总之，你可以做这样的事情：

class Users():

    def __init__(self, first_name, last_name, **others):

        for key, value in others.items():

            setattr(self, key, value)

        self.first = first_name

        self.last = last_name

    def describe_user(self):      

        for attribute in dir(self):

            if attribute.startswith("__"):

                continue

            value = getattr(self, attribute)

            if not isinstance(value, str):

                continue

            print("The user's " + attribute + " is " + value)

user1 = Users('Joseph', 'Wilson', age='18', location='California')  

print(user1.location)   

user1.describe_user()

您也可以轻松地使用 adict来存储信息。

class Users():

    def __init__(self, first_name, last_name, **others):

        self.data = dict()

        for key, value in others.items():

            self.data[key] = value

        self.data["first name"] = first_name

        self.data["last name"] = last_name

    def describe_user(self):      

        for key, value in self.data.items():

            print("The user's {} is {}".format(key, value))

user1 = Users('Joseph', 'Wilson', age=18, location='California')

print(user1.data["location"])

user1.describe_user()