在python中按特定顺序查找子字符串

Question

我有一长串字符串，其中包含按给定顺序排列的感兴趣的子字符串，但这里有一个在文本文件中使用句子的小例子：This is a long drawn out sentence needed to emphasize a topic I am trying to learn.It is new idea for me and I need your help with it please!Thank you so much in advance, I really appreciate it.从这个文本文件，我想找到同时包含任何句子"I"和"need"，但他们必须在出现的顺序。因此，在这个例子中，'I'并且'need'都发生在第1句和第2句，但句子1他们是在错误的顺序，所以我不想返回。我只想'I need'按顺序返回第二句话。我用这个例子来识别子字符串，但我不知道如何只按顺序找到它们：id1 = "I"id2 = "need"with open('fun.txt') as f:    for line in f:        if id1 and id2 in line:            print(line[:-1])这将返回：This is a long drawn out sentence needed to emphasize a topic I am trying to learn.It is new idea for me and I need your help with it please!但我只想：It is new idea for me and I need your help with it please!谢谢！

Answer 1

您可以使用正则表达式来检查这一点。一种可能的解决方案是：

id1 = "I"

id2 = "need"

regex = re.compile(r'^.*{}.*{}.*$'.format(id1, id2))

with open('fun.txt') as f:

    for line in f:

        if re.search(regex, line):

            print(line[:-1])

Answer 2

您需要确定id2在该行的部分后 id1：

infile = [

    "This is a long drawn out sentence needed to emphasize a topic I am trying to learn.",

    "It is new idea for me and I need your help with it please!",

    "Thank you so much in advance, I really appreciate it.",

]

id1 = "I"

id2 = "need"

for line in infile:

    if id1 in line:

        pos1 = line.index(id1)

        if id2 in line[pos1+len(id1) :] :

            print(line)

输出：

It is new idea for me and I need your help with it please!