从文件中读取并将内容转换为字典

Question

我有一个文本文件，其内容如下：State TexasAustin Houston DallasState FloridaOrlandoMiamiJacksonvilleNaples!State CaliforniaSan DiegoLos AngelesSan Francisco目标：我想从这个文本文件中读取并将它们转换成字典，应该是这样的 -state_dict = {    'Texas': ['Austin', 'Houston', 'Dallas'],     'Florida': ['Orlando', 'Miami', 'Jacksonville', 'Naples'],     'California': ['San Diego', 'Los Angeles', 'San Francisco']}到目前为止，我的代码是这样的：State_Dict = {}with open('state.txt', 'r') as main_fd:for mystate in main_fd:    mystate = mystate.lstrip()    if ("State" in mystate):        state_key = "_".join(mystate.split()[1:])        State_Dict[state_key] = []        for cities in main_fd:            if ("!" in cities):                break            else:                State_Dict[state_key].append(cities.rstrip())print(State_Dict)但输出是这样的：{'Texas': [    ' Austin', ' Houston', ' Dallas',     'State Florida', ' Orlando', ' Miami',     ' Jacksonville', ' Naples'    ], 'California': [    ' San Diego', ' Los Angeles', ' San Francisco'    ]}我该如何解决？

Answer 1

你正在寻找的是这样的东西。考虑一次遍历一行的循环，并为您的条件构建一系列检查。附注。如果这不起作用，请告诉我，未经测试就编写它。

State_Dict = {}

with open('state.txt', 'r') as main_fd:

    for line in main_fd:

        line = line.strip() #left and right stripped    

        #if ("state" in line.lower()): #better version suggested in comments to handle 'state' and 'State'.

        if ("State" in line):

            state_key = "_".join(line.split()[1:])

            State_Dict[state_key] = []

        elif ("!" in line):

            continue #goes to next iteration of loop instead of stopping the loop unlike break

        else: #assuming last case

            State_Dict[state_key].append(line) #line has already been stripped

print(State_Dict)

Answer 2

你的代码的问题是当你出现“！”时，你正在停止寻找一个州的城市。但城市的新部分也由以“State”开头的线表示。另一个错误是您每次都从头开始迭代城市，而不是您当前所处的状态。

State_Dict = {}

main_fd = '''\

State Texas

Austin

Houston

Dallas

State Florida

Orlando

Miami

Jacksonville

Naples

!

State California

San Diego

Los Angeles

San Francisco\

'''.splitlines()

for idx, mystate in enumerate(main_fd):

    if "State" in mystate:

        state_key = "_".join(mystate.split()[1:])

        State_Dict[state_key] = []

        for cities in main_fd[idx+1:]:

            if '!' in cities or "State" in cities:

                break

            else:

                State_Dict[state_key].append(cities.rstrip())

print(State_Dict)

输出：

{'Florida': ['Orlando', 'Miami', 'Jacksonville', 'Naples'], 

'California': ['San Diego', 'Los Angeles', 'San Francisco'], 

'Texas': ['Austin', 'Houston', 'Dallas']}