如何使用 Python 和 Matplotlib 为多边形（由数组定义）设置动画

Question

问题解释： 我想为从数组接收的值设置动画多边形（在我的简单示例中，它是一个移动的正方形）。我想保持多边形的 x 和 y 值可变。不要担心多边形做了什么运动。这只是一个例子。需要使用“set_xy()”，就像在“使用 matplotlib的动画转换多边形”的解决方案中一样。目标-> 在每个动画帧中，我想从数组 (P1x,P1y,P2x,P2y,...) 加载多边形值并更新图形。问题： 在我的代码中，我仍然有使用补丁的问题。我正在尝试使用索引 i 更新多边形值。我必须如何定义补丁？这是否必须在动画调用之前完成？import matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npimport matplotlib.animation as animationimport matplotlib.patches as patchesfig = plt.figure()ax = fig.add_subplot(111)ax.set_xlim(-10,10)ax.set_ylim(-10,10)P1x=[0.0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0]P1y=[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0]P2x=[1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,4.0]P2y=[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0]P3x=[1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,4.0]P3y=[1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0]P4x=[0.0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0]P4y=[1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0]def init():    return patch,def animate(i):    v = np.array([                [P1x[i],  P1y[i]],                  [P2x[i],  P2y[i]],                  [P3x[i],  P3y[i]],                [P4x[i],  P4y[i]]                ])    patch=patches.Polygon(v,closed=True, fc='r', ec='r')    return patch,ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, np.arange(1, 5), init_func=init,                              interval=1000, blit=True)plt.show()非常感谢你的帮助！

Answer 1

是的，您需要先创建多边形并将其添加到轴上。在动画函数中，您可以使用补丁的patch.set_xy()方法来更新多边形的顶点。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import numpy as np

import matplotlib.animation as animation

import matplotlib.patches as patches

fig = plt.figure()

ax = fig.add_subplot(111)

ax.set_xlim(-10,10)

ax.set_ylim(-10,10)

P1x=[0.0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0]

P1y=[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0]

P2x=[1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,4.0]

P2y=[0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0]

P3x=[1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,4.0]

P3y=[1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0]

P4x=[0.0,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0]

P4y=[1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0,1.0]

P = np.concatenate((np.array([P1x, P2x, P3x, P4x]).reshape(4,1,len(P1x)),

                    np.array([P1y, P2y, P3y, P4y]).reshape(4,1,len(P1x))), axis=1)

patch = patches.Polygon(P[:,:,0],closed=True, fc='r', ec='r')

ax.add_patch(patch)

def init():

    return patch,

def animate(i):

    patch.set_xy(P[:,:,i])

    return patch,

ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, np.arange(P.shape[2]), init_func=init,

                              interval=1000, blit=True)

plt.show()