需要在 Python 中关联两个列表

Question

我正在用 Python 完成一项任务，需要将每个月的降雨量关联起来。我需要打印降雨量的高低月份，但是我的代码目前的编写方式只能打印实际数量，而不能打印与数量相对应的月份。我想我会在 enter_rainfall 函数下将两者关联起来，但我不确定如何将两者关联起来。任何建议表示赞赏。def main():    months_list = ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December']    rain = enter_rainfall()    average = avg_rainfall(rain)    lowhigh = low_High(rain)    print(format(average, '.2f'))def enter_rainfall():    rain_fall = []    months = 12    for months_list in range(months):        rain_amount = float(input('Please enter the amount of rain:',))        rain_fall.append(rain_amount)    return(rain_fall)def avg_rainfall(rain):    total = 0    for value in rain:        total += value    average = total / len(rain)    return(average)def low_High(rain, months_list):    low = min(rain)    month = months_list[rain.index(low)]    print(month)    high = max(rain)    print(high)main()

Answer 1

您可以设置一个字典来记录与相应月份的雨，然后您可以使用字典找到min和max使用相关的月份 valueskeys

def enter_rainfall():

    months_list = ['January', 'February', 'March', 'April', 'May', 'June', 'July', 'August', 'September', 'October', 'November', 'December']

    rain_fall = {i: 0 for i in months_list}

    for k in rain_fall:

        rain_fall[k] += float(input('Please enter the amount of rain for {}: '.format(k)))

    return rain_fall

def low_High(dicta):

    all_rain = [v for v in dicta.values()]

    low = ([k for k in dicta if dicta[k] == min(all_rain)], min(all_rain))

    high = ([k for k in dicta if dicta[k] == max(all_rain)], max(all_rain))

    return low, high

x = enter_rainfall()

low, high = low_High(x)

print(low, high)

Please enter the amount of rain for January: 10

Please enter the amount of rain for February: 11

Please enter the amount of rain for March: 12

Please enter the amount of rain for April: 10

Please enter the amount of rain for May: 22

Please enter the amount of rain for June: 18

Please enter the amount of rain for July: 1

Please enter the amount of rain for August: 9

Please enter the amount of rain for September: 2 

Please enter the amount of rain for October: 22

Please enter the amount of rain for November: 8

Please enter the amount of rain for December: 10

(['July'], 1.0) (['May', 'October'], 22.0)

如果两个或更多个月的降雨量与max或min所有相应月份的降雨量相同，则返回列表中

Answer 2

当您调用 时low_High，您实际上并没有传入您的月份列表 ( month_list)。相反，您应该这样称呼它：low_High(rain, months_list)。当你打印最小值和最大值时，你可能想同时打印月份和值——现在，你用最小值和最大值打印月份。

def low_High(rain, months_list):

    low_val = min(rain)

    low_month = months_list[rain.index(low_val)]

    high_val = max(rain)

    high_month = months_list[rain.index(high_val)]

    print('{month} had the least amount of rain with {val}'.format(month=low_month, val=low_val))

    print('{month} had the most amount of rain with {val}'.format(month=high_month, val=high_val))

如果您想在提示用户时跟踪月份，您可以在循环访问数组时通过修改enter_rainfall：

def main():

...        

    rain = enter_rainfall(month_list)

...

def enter_rainfall(month_list)

    for month in month_list:

        rain_amount = float(input('Please enter the amount of rain for {month}:'.format(month=month),))

        rain_fall.append(rain_amount)

    ...

Answer 3

该print和return可以接受多回报和打印字符串。您不需要限制数量。

你只需要main像那样改变。

def enter_rainfall():

    rain_fall = []

    months = 12

    for months_list in range(months):

        rain_amount = float(input('Please enter the amount of rain:',))

        rain_fall.append(rain_amount)

        print(months_list,rain_amount)

        # it will print corresponding month and its rain amount.

    return(rain_fall)