使用httplib的POST二进制数据会导致Unicode异常

Question

当我尝试使用urllib2发送图像时，发生UnicodeDecodeError异常。HTTP Post正文：f = open(imagepath, "rb")binary = f.read()mimetype, devnull = mimetypes.guess_type(urllib.pathname2url(imagepath))body = """Content-Length: {size}Content-Type: {mimetype}{binary}""".format(size=os.path.getsize(imagepath),             mimetype=mimetype,           binary=binary)request = urllib2.Request(url, body, headers)opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPSHandler(debuglevel=1))response = opener.open(request)print response.read()追溯 ：   response = opener.open(request)  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 404, in open    response = self._open(req, data)  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 422, in _open    '_open', req)  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 382, in _call_chain    result = func(*args)  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1222, in https_open    return self.do_open(httplib.HTTPSConnection, req)  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1181, in do_open    h.request(req.get_method(), req.get_selector(), req.data, headers)  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 973, in request    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 1007, in _send_request    self.endheaders(body)  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 969, in endheaders    self._send_output(message_body)  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/httplib.py", line 827, in _send_output    msg += message_body  File "/home/usertmp/biogeek/lib/python2.7/encodings/utf_8.py", line 16, in decode    return codecs.utf_8_decode(input, errors, True)UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf8' codec can't decode byte 0xff in position 49: invalid start bytepython版本2.7.5有人知道解决方案吗？

Answer 1

您正在尝试发送包含标题和内容的正文。如果要发送内容类型和内容长度，则需要在标题中而不是在正文中进行：

headers = {'Content-Type': mimetype, 'Content-Length', str(size)}

request = urllib2.Request(url, data=binary, headers=headers)

如果您未设置Content-Length标头，则会自动将其设置为 data

关于您的错误：它正在发生

msg += message_body

仅当这两个字符串之一为unicode，而另一个str包含时\xff，才可能发生此错误，因为在这种情况下，后者会使用来自动转换为unicode sys.getdefaultencoding()。

我的最终猜测是：message_body这是您的data，它是一个str，包含在\xff某处。msg是什么东西已经传递到前面的HttpConnection，即头，他们都是unicode的，因为你要么采用的是Unicode在你的头部至少一个键（值转换为str更早），或已导入unicode_literals的__futures__。