无法安装gem-无法构建gem本机扩展-无法加载此类文件-mkmf（LoadError）

Question

Ruby 1.9.3Gemfile的一部分#...............gem "pony"gem "bcrypt-ruby", :require => "bcrypt"gem "nokogiri" #..................当我尝试安装gems时，出现错误alex@ubuntu:~/$ bundleFetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/.........Fetching gem metadata from http://rubygems.org/..Enter your password to install the bundled RubyGems to your system: #####............................................................Installing bcrypt-ruby (3.0.1) with native extensions Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.        /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)        from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'        from extconf.rb:36:in `<main>'Gem files will remain installed in /home/alex/.bundler/tmp/5526/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1 for inspection.Results logged to /home/alex/.bundler/tmp/5526/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1/ext/mri/gem_make.outAn error occurred while installing bcrypt-ruby (3.0.1), and Bundler cannot continue.Make sure that `gem install bcrypt-ruby -v '3.0.1'` succeeds before bundling.那我在做sudo gem install bcrypt-ruby -v '3.0.1'Building native extensions.  This could take a while...ERROR:  Error installing bcrypt-ruby:        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.        /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf (LoadError)        from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'        from extconf.rb:36:in `<main>'Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1 for inspection.Results logged to /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1/ext/mri/gem_make.out并得到一个错误。我错过了什么？

Answer 1

还有类似的问题：

`require'：没有要加载的文件-mkmf（LoadError）

无法构建gem本机扩展（mkmf（LoadError））-Ubuntu 12.04

通常，解决方案是：

须藤apt-get install ruby-dev

或者，如果这不起作用，则取决于您的ruby版本，运行类似以下内容的代码：

须藤apt-get install ruby1.9.1-dev

应该解决您的问题。

还是行不通？安装ruby-dev后，尝试以下操作：

sudo apt-get安装make

Answer 2

我在尝试安装jquery-rails时遇到了同样的问题。解决方法是

sudo apt-get install zlibc zlib1g zlib1g-dev

Answer 3

对于WSL（Linux的Windows子系统），您需要安装build-essential软件包：

sudo apt install build-essential