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一、对枚举型的变量赋值。
实例将枚举类型的赋值与基本数据类型的赋值进行了对比:
方法1:先声明变量,再对变量赋值
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 | #include<stdio.h> /* 定义枚举类型 */ enum DAY { MON=1, TUE, WED, THU, FRI, SAT, SUN }; void main() { /* 使用基本数据类型声明变量,然后对变量赋值 */ int x, y, z; x = 10; y = 20; z = 30; /* 使用枚举类型声明变量,再对枚举型变量赋值 */ enum DAY yesterday, today, tomorrow; yesterday = MON; today = TUE; tomorrow = WED; printf("%d %d %d \n", yesterday, today, tomorrow); } |
方法2:声明变量的同时赋初值
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | #include <stdio.h> /* 定义枚举类型 */ enum DAY { MON=1, TUE, WED, THU, FRI, SAT, SUN }; void main() { /* 使用基本数据类型声明变量同时对变量赋初值 */ int x=10, y=20, z=30; /* 使用枚举类型声明变量同时对枚举型变量赋初值 */ enum DAY yesterday = MON, today = TUE, tomorrow = WED; printf("%d %d %d \n", yesterday, today, tomorrow); } |
方法3:定义类型的同时声明变量,然后对变量赋值。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 | #include <stdio.h> /* 定义枚举类型,同时声明该类型的三个变量,它们都为全局变量 */ enum DAY { MON=1, TUE, WED, THU, FRI, SAT, SUN } yesterday, today, tomorrow; /* 定义三个具有基本数据类型的变量,它们都为全局变量 */ int x, y, z; void main() { /* 对基本数据类型的变量赋值 */ x = 10; y = 20; z = 30; /* 对枚举型的变量赋值 */ yesterday = MON; today = TUE; tomorrow = WED; printf("%d %d %d \n", x, y, z); //输出:10 20 30 printf("%d %d %d \n", yesterday, today, tomorrow); //输出:1 2 3 } |
方法4:类型定义,变量声明,赋初值同时进行。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | #include <stdio.h> /* 定义枚举类型,同时声明该类型的三个变量,并赋初值。它们都为全局变量 */ enum DAY { MON=1, TUE, WED, THU, FRI, SAT, SUN } yesterday = MON, today = TUE, tomorrow = WED; /* 定义三个具有基本数据类型的变量,并赋初值。它们都为全局变量 */ int x = 10, y = 20, z = 30; void main() { printf("%d %d %d \n", x, y, z); //输出:10 20 30 printf("%d %d %d \n", yesterday, today, tomorrow); //输出:1 2 3 } |
2、对枚举型的变量赋整数值时,需要进行类型转换。
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | #include <stdio.h> enum DAY { MON=1, TUE, WED, THU, FRI, SAT, SUN }; void main() { enum DAY yesterday, today, tomorrow; yesterday = TUE; today = (enum DAY) (yesterday + 1); //类型转换 tomorrow = (enum DAY) 30; //类型转换 //tomorrow = 3; //错误 printf("%d %d %d \n", yesterday, today, tomorrow); //输出:2 3 30 } |
3、使用枚举型变量
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 | #include<stdio.h> enum { BELL = '\a', BACKSPACE = '\b', HTAB = '\t', RETURN = '\r', NEWLINE = '\n', VTAB = '\v', SPACE = ' ' }; enum BOOLEAN { FALSE = 0, TRUE } match_flag; void main() { int index = 0; int count_of_letter = 0; int count_of_space = 0; char str[] = "I'm Ely efod"; match_flag = FALSE; for(; str[index] != '\0'; index++) if( SPACE != str[index] ) count_of_letter++; else { match_flag = (enum BOOLEAN) 1; count_of_space++; } printf("%s %d times %c", match_flag ? "match" : "not match", count_of_space, NEWLINE); printf("count of letters: %d %c%c", count_of_letter, NEWLINE, RETURN); } |
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