3 回答
TA贡献1841条经验 获得超3个赞
您可以sed为此使用。例如:
$ sed -n '/Feb 23 13:55/,/Feb 23 14:00/p' /var/log/mail.log
Feb 23 13:55:01 messagerie postfix/smtpd[20964]: connect from localhost[127.0.0.1]
Feb 23 13:55:01 messagerie postfix/smtpd[20964]: lost connection after CONNECT from localhost[127.0.0.1]
Feb 23 13:55:01 messagerie postfix/smtpd[20964]: disconnect from localhost[127.0.0.1]
Feb 23 13:55:01 messagerie pop3d: Connection, ip=[::ffff:127.0.0.1]
...
这个怎么运作
所述-n开关告诉sed不输出在读取文件(默认行为)的每一行。
p正则表达式之后的最后一个告诉它打印与前面的表达式匹配的行。
该表达式'/pattern1/,/pattern2/'将打印第一个图案和第二个图案之间的所有内容。在这种情况下,它将打印在字符串Feb 23 13:55和字符串之间找到的每一行Feb 23 14:00。
TA贡献1821条经验 获得超4个赞
使用grep和正则表达式,例如,如果您希望间隔4分钟的日志:
grep "31/Mar/2002:19:3[1-5]" logfile
会在2002年3月31日返回19:31到19:35之间的所有日志行。假设您需要从2011年9月27日开始的最后5天,则可以使用以下方法:
grep "2[3-7]/Sep/2011" logfile
TA贡献1829条经验 获得超4个赞
好吧,我花了一些时间在您的日期格式上.....
但是,终于我解决了。
让我们以一个示例文件(名为logFile)为例,我做了一点简短。例如,您要在此文件中获得最近5分钟的登录信息:
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:20:41 +0200] "GET
### lines below are what you want (5 mins till the last record)
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:27:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:30:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:30:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:30:41 +0200] "GET
172.16.0.3 - - [31/Mar/2002:19:30:41 +0200] "GET
这是解决方案:
# this variable you could customize, important is convert to seconds.
# e.g 5days=$((5*24*3600))
x=$((5*60)) #here we take 5 mins as example
# this line get the timestamp in seconds of last line of your logfile
last=$(tail -n1 logFile|awk -F'[][]' '{ gsub(/\//," ",$2); sub(/:/," ",$2); "date +%s -d \""$2"\""|getline d; print d;}' )
#this awk will give you lines you needs:
awk -F'[][]' -v last=$last -v x=$x '{ gsub(/\//," ",$2); sub(/:/," ",$2); "date +%s -d \""$2"\""|getline d; if (last-d<=x)print $0 }' logFile
输出:
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:27:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:30:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:30:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:30:41 +0200 "GET
172.16.0.3 - - 31 Mar 2002 19:30:41 +0200 "GET
编辑
您可能会注意到在输出中[和]消失了。如果您确实希望它们返回,则可以更改最后一个awk行print $0->print $1 "[" $2 "]" $3
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