如何使用实例方法作为只接受func或文字闭包的函数的回调在“ViewController.swift”中我创建了这个回调:func callback(cf:CFNotificationCenter!,
ump:UnsafeMutablePointer<Void>,
cfs:CFString!,
up:UnsafePointer<Void>,
cfd:CFDictionary!) -> Void {}使用此观察者:CFNotificationCenterAddObserver(CFNotificationCenterGetDarwinNotifyCenter(),
nil,
self.callback,
"myMESSage",
nil,
CFNotificationSuspensionBehavior.DeliverImmediately)导致此编译器错误:“AC函数指针只能通过对'func'或文字闭包的引用形成”
2 回答
犯罪嫌疑人X
TA贡献2080条经验 获得超4个赞
回调是指向C函数的指针,在Swift中,您只能传递全局函数或闭包(不捕获任何状态),但不能传递实例方法。
所以这确实有效:
CFNotificationCenterAddObserver(CFNotificationCenterGetDarwinNotifyCenter(), nil, { (_, observer, name, _, _) in print("received notification: \(name)") }, "myMessage", nil, .DeliverImmediately)
但由于闭包无法捕获上下文,因此您无法直接引用self
其属性和实例方法。例如,您无法添加
self.label.stringValue = "got it"// error: a C function pointer cannot be formed from a closure that captures context
在闭包内部,在通知到达时更新UI。
有一个解决方案,但由于Swift严格的类型系统,它有点复杂。与Swift 2 - UnsafeMutablePointer <Void>中的对象类似,您可以将指针转换 self
为void指针,将其作为observer
参数传递给注册,并将其转换回回调中的对象指针。
class YourClass { func callback(name : String) { print("received notification: \(name)") } func registerObserver() { // Void pointer to `self`: let observer = UnsafePointer<Void>(Unmanaged.passUnretained(self).toOpaque()) CFNotificationCenterAddObserver(CFNotificationCenterGetDarwinNotifyCenter(), observer, { (_, observer, name, _, _) -> Void in // Extract pointer to `self` from void pointer: let mySelf = Unmanaged<YourClass>.fromOpaque( COpaquePointer(observer)).takeUnretainedValue() // Call instance method: mySelf.callback(name as String) }, "myMessage", nil, .DeliverImmediately) } // ...}
闭包充当实例方法的“蹦床”。
指针是未保留的引用,因此必须确保在取消分配对象之前删除观察者。
Swift 3更新:
class YourClass { func callback(_ name : String) { print("received notification: \(name)") } func registerObserver() { // Void pointer to `self`: let observer = UnsafeRawPointer(Unmanaged.passUnretained(self).toOpaque()) CFNotificationCenterAddObserver(CFNotificationCenterGetDarwinNotifyCenter(), observer, { (_, observer, name, _, _) -> Void in if let observer = observer, let name = name { // Extract pointer to `self` from void pointer: let mySelf = Unmanaged<YourClass>.fromOpaque(observer).takeUnretainedValue() // Call instance method: mySelf.callback(name.rawValue as String) } }, "myMessage" as CFString, nil, .deliverImmediately) } // ...}
有关对象指针和C指针之间“桥接”的更多信息,另请参见如何将self转换为UnsafeMutablePointer <Void>键入swift。
慕田峪4524236
TA贡献1875条经验 获得超5个赞
在我的例子中,我想从我的闭包中调用的函数是在AppDelegate中。所以我能够使用委托从闭包中调用函数而不使用self。这是否是一个好主意是具有更多经验的人必须评论的东西。
self.pingSocket = CFSocketCreate(kCFAllocatorDefault, AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_ICMP,CFSocketCallBackType.dataCallBack.rawValue, {socket, type, address, data, info in //type is CFSocketCallBackType guard let socket = socket, let address = address, let data = data, let info = info else { return }// stuff deleted, including use of C pointers let appDelegate = NSApplication.shared.delegate as! AppDelegate appDelegate.receivedPing(ip: sourceIP, sequence: sequence, id: id) //} return }, &context)extension AppDelegate: ReceivedPingDelegate { func receivedPing(ip: UInt32, sequence: UInt16, id: UInt16) { // stuff deleted }}protocol ReceivedPingDelegate: class { func receivedPing(ip: UInt32, sequence: UInt16, id: UInt16)}
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