我是怎么做到使用django动态定义表单的

Answer 1

您好，很高兴为您解答。

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from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _
from django import forms
from django.forms.formsets import BaseFormSet
from django.forms.fields import FileField
from django.forms.util import ValidationError

from django.shortcuts import render_to_response
from django.contrib.formtools.wizard import FormWizard

from ddtcms.office.equipment.models import Equipment,Characteristic,CharacteristicValue

class EquipmentForm(forms.ModelForm):

class Meta:
model = Equipment

class CharacteristicValueForm(forms.Form):
def clean(self):
a=self.fields
s=self.data
self.cleaned_data = {}
# 下面的这一段for 是从 django的forms.py中的 full_clean 中复制来的
for name, field in self.fields.items():
# value_from_datadict() gets the data from the data dictionaries.
# Each widget type knows how to retrieve its own data, because some
# widgets split data over several HTML fields.
value = field.widget.value_from_datadict(self.data, self.files, self.add_prefix(name))
try:
if isinstance(field, FileField):
initial = self.initial.get(name, field.initial)
value = field.clean(value, initial)
else:
value = field.clean(value)
self.cleaned_data[name] = value
if hasattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name):
value = getattr(self, 'clean_%s' % name)()
self.cleaned_data[name] = value
except ValidationError, e:
self._errors[name] = self.error_class(e.messages)
if name in self.cleaned_data:
del self.cleaned_data[name]
#cl=self.cleaned_data
#debug()<<<调试用的,查看cl的值,主要是看self.cleaned_data的值,如果return了,就看不到了
return self.cleaned_data

class EquipmentCreateWizard(FormWizard):
def done(self, request, form_list):
return render_to_response('equipment/done.html',
{
'form_data': [form.cleaned_data for form in form_list],
})

def get_form(self, step, data=None):
"Helper method that returns the Form instance for the given step."
form = self.form_list[step](data, prefix=self.prefix_for_step(step), initial=self.initial.get(step, None))

if step == 1:
if data:
cg = data.get('0-category', 1)
cs = Characteristic.objects.all().filter(category__id=cg)
for c in cs:
form.fields['Characteristic-'+str(c.id)] = forms.CharField(label = c.name)
g=form.fields
#debug()
return form

# 从wizard.py中复制过来进行更改的.
def render(self, form, request, step, context=None):
"Renders the given Form object, returning an HttpResponse."
old_data = request.POST
prev_fields = []
if old_data:
hidden = forms.HiddenInput()
# Collect all data from previous steps and render it as HTML hidden fields.
for i in range(step):
old_form = self.get_form(i, old_data)
hash_name = 'hash_%s' % i
prev_fields.extend([bf.as_hidden() for bf in old_form])
prev_fields.append(hidden.render(hash_name, old_data.get(hash_name, self.security_hash(request, old_form))))
if step == 1:
cg = old_data.get('0-category', 1)
cs = Characteristic.objects.all().filter(category__id=cg)
for c in cs:
form.fields['Characteristic-'+str(c.id)] = forms.CharField(label = c.name)
g=form.fields
#debug()
if step == 2:
debug()
return super(EquipmentCreateWizard, self).render(form, request, step, context=None)

def get_template(self, step):
return 'equipment/wizard_%s.html' % step

EquipmentCreateWizard其实也可以放在views.py中,而且我觉得更合理一点.在EquipmentCreateWizard 中,我试着修改过process_step 函数,但是得不到正确的结果,后来修改了get_form,都是想从django的formtools的wizard.py中复制过来再进行修改的.get_form的修改也没有得到正确的结果.后来就修改render函数,在第2步的时候,我将动态参数个数显示出来了.但是到最后结束done的环节,取得的formdata中,第二个form没有数据,就是一个空的{},于是我又重新修改get_form函数,无非就是判断是不是第二步,然后给第二个form动态添加几个field:

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if step == 1:
cg = old_data.get('0-category', 1)
cs = Characteristic.objects.all().filter(category__id=cg)
for c in cs:
form.fields['Characteristic-'+str(c.id)] = forms.CharField(label = c.name)
g=form.fields
#debug()

这段代码在get_form和 render中都有,都是判断是不是第2步,然后就根据第1步中选择的设备的分类来查询到具体的分类,再根据分类来获取该种分类的设备有哪些参数,然后根据参数个数修改form的参数field的个数.'Characteristic-'+str(c.id)是用来以后保存数据的时候,split这个字符串,得到参数的id,并在参数值表中保存Characteristic-1,Characteristic-2...的value.
g=form.fields#debug()
用来断点查看参数field有多少个,是否修改成功.
=========================

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from django.conf.urls.defaults import *
from ddtcms.office.equipment.forms import EquipmentForm,CharacteristicValueForm,EquipmentCreateWizard

urlpatterns = patterns('ddtcms.office.equipment.views',
url(r'^$', 'index', name="equipment_index"),
url(r'^add/$', 'equipment_create', name="equipment_create"),
url(r'^add-by-wizard/$',EquipmentCreateWizard([EquipmentForm, CharacteristicValueForm]), name="equipment_create_by_wizard"), )
以上代码,csdnbolg 自动过滤了 $符号,我加了上去,可能有不对的地方.

==========================wizard_0.html

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{% block content %}

添加/修改设备向导

第 {{ step }} 步, 共 {{ step_count }} 步.

填写设备基本情况

{% csrf_token %}

{{ form }}


{{ previous_fields|safe }}

{% endblock %}

===================wizard_1.html

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{% block content %}

添加/修改设备向导

第 {{ step }} 步, 共 {{ step_count }} 步.

填写设备参数, 如果没有要填写的内容, 请直接点击确定.

{% csrf_token %}

{{ form }}


{{ previous_fields|safe }}

{% endblock %}

====================done.html

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{% block content %}

添加/修改设备向导

您已经成功添加了一个设备.

{{form_data}}

{% endblock %}

============
还可以用另外的form来实现formwizard,就是第一个form1,主要用来让用户选择设备的分类,form2就根据前面的来动态生成参数的表单.原理是一样的.
还有就是写2个view来模拟formwizard,第一个view增加一个设备,第二个view带设备id这个参数即可,可以很有效的增加设备的参数.