创建表的语法我在官方的文档中看到了这样的CREATE [TEMPORARY] TABLE [IF NOT EXISTS] tbl_name
(create_definition,...)1. 上面语法中的create definition可以为是 col_name column_definition,对应下面列举的第一个create_definition: col_name column_definition
| [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] PRIMARY KEY [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
[index_option] ...
| {INDEX|KEY} [index_name] [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
[index_option] ...
| [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] UNIQUE [INDEX|KEY]
[index_name] [index_type] (index_col_name,...)
[index_option] ...
| {FULLTEXT|SPATIAL} [INDEX|KEY] [index_name] (index_col_name,...)
[index_option] ...
| [CONSTRAINT [symbol]] FOREIGN KEY
[index_name] (index_col_name,...) reference_definition
| CHECK (expr)1中col_name column_definition的column_definition 可以是[reference_definition],对应下面列举的最后一个column_definition: data_type [NOT NULL | NULL] [DEFAULT default_value]
[AUTO_INCREMENT] [UNIQUE [KEY] | [PRIMARY] KEY]
[COMMENT 'string']
[COLUMN_FORMAT {FIXED|DYNAMIC|DEFAULT}]
[STORAGE {DISK|MEMORY|DEFAULT}]
[reference_definition]2中的[reference_definition]可以使用下面的语法reference_definition: REFERENCES tbl_name (index_col_name,...)
[MATCH FULL | MATCH PARTIAL | MATCH SIMPLE]
[ON DELETE reference_option]
[ON UPDATE reference_option]那么问题来了我这么写为什么不行?t1已经定义了和t2相同的结构CREATE TABLE t2(id TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,username VARCHAR(20) REFERENCES t1(username));create_definition: col_name column_definitionusername VARCHAR(20) REFERENCES t1(username) 对应 create_definitionusername 对应 col_name VARCHAR(20) REFERENCES t1(username) 对应column_definitioncolumn_definition: data_type [reference_definition]VARCHAR(20) 对应 data_type REFERENCES t1(username) 对应 [reference_definition]reference_definition对应如下的语法。reference_definition: REFERENCES tbl_name (index_col_name,...) [MATCH FULL | MATCH PARTIAL | MATCH SIMPLE] [ON DELETE reference_option] [ON UPDATE reference_option]最后再问一下,外键约束有几种声明方式,表级约束和列级约束还是没搞懂,老师说的那个可以在列定义时声明,也可以在列定以后声明,什么是定义时,什么是定以后?例如:CREATE TABLE t2( -> id TINYINT UNSIGNED PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT, -> name VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL, -> pid TINYINT UNSIGNED , -> FOREIGN KEY(pid) REFERENCES t1(id) -> );这个是定以时还是定以后?定义时是写在一个语句中还是在一个括号中?老师说的NOT NULL 和 DEFAULT约束只能是列级约束,意思是只能在一条语句中连着写,比如name VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL?
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