修改默认字符集
1、 最简单的修改方法，就是修改mysql的my.ini文件中的字符集键值，
如 default-character-set = utf8
character_set_server = utf8
修改完后，重启mysql的服务，service mysql restart
使用 mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character%';查看，发现数据库编码均已改成utf8
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | D:"mysql-5.0.37"share"charsets" |
+--------------------------+---------------------------------+

2、还有一种修改字符集的方法，就是使用mysql的命令
mysql> SET character_set_client = utf8 ;
mysql> SET character_set_connection = utf8 ;
mysql> SET character_set_database = utf8 ;
mysql> SET character_set_results = utf8 ;
mysql> SET character_set_server = utf8 ;

mysql> SET collation_connection = utf8 ;
mysql> SET collation_database = utf8 ;
mysql> SET collation_server = utf8 ;

3、一般就算设置了表的默认字符集为utf8并且通过UTF-8编码发送查询，你会发现存入数据库的仍然是乱码。问题就出在这个connection连接层上。解决方法是在发送查询前执行一下下面这句：

SET NAMES 'utf8';

它相当于下面的三句指令：
SET character_set_client = utf8;
SET character_set_results = utf8;
SET character_set_connection = utf8;

**补充：***
先把数据导出，把数据库转换完毕后再把数据导回数据库
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以上，希望对你有所帮助。