开始
其实非常有趣,我们经常在开发中使用 SharePrefrence 保存一些轻量级数据,比如判断是否是首次启动,首次启动进入引导页,否则直接到主页面,或者是其它的一些应用场景。
而我们也耳熟能详这样的写法。
根据 Context 获取 SharedPreferences 对象
利用 edit() 方法获取 Editor 对象。
通过 Editor 对象存储 key-value 键值对数据。
通过 commit() 方法提交数据。
public class SplashActivity extends AppCompatActivity { public static final String SP_KEY = "com.zxedu.myapplication.SplashActivity_SP_KEY"; public static final String IS_FIRST_IN = "com.zxedu.myapplication.SplashActivity_IS_FIRST_IN"; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); // 一些业务代码 ...... SharedPreferences preferences = getSharedPreferences("name",MODE_PRIVATE); if (preferences.getBoolean(IS_FIRST_IN,true)){ // 跳转引导页面 startActivity(new Intent(this,GuideActivity.class)); finish(); }else{ // 跳转主页面 startActivity(new Intent(this,MainActivity.class)); } } }public class GuideActivity extends AppCompatActivity { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_splash); getSharedPreferences(SplashActivity.SP_KEY,MODE_PRIVATE).edit().putBoolean(SplashActivity.IS_FIRST_IN,false).apply(); } }
从代码中可以看到,一阵混乱操作,没啥特别的地方,但早期开发的人员应该知道,之前我们都是比较青睐 commit()
进行提交的。而现在 Android Studio 在我们使用 commit()
直接提交的时候会直接报黄色警告。
commit() 和 apply() 到底有什么异同?
先说说相同点:
二者都是提交 Prefrence 修改数据;
二者都是原子过程。
不同点直接上源码吧,先看看 commit()
方法的定义:
/** * Commit your preferences changes back from this Editor to the * {@link SharedPreferences} object it is editing. This atomically * performs the requested modifications, replacing whatever is currently * in the SharedPreferences. * * <p>Note that when two editors are modifying preferences at the same * time, the last one to call commit wins. * * <p>If you don't care about the return value and you're * using this from your application's main thread, consider * using {@link #apply} instead. * * @return Returns true if the new values were successfully written * to persistent storage. */ boolean commit();
综合一下 commit()
方法的注释也就是两点:
会返回执行结果。
如果不考虑结果并且是在主线程执行可以考虑
apply()
。
再看看 apply()
方法的定义:
/** * Commit your preferences changes back from this Editor to the * {@link SharedPreferences} object it is editing. This atomically * performs the requested modifications, replacing whatever is currently * in the SharedPreferences. * * <p>Note that when two editors are modifying preferences at the same * time, the last one to call apply wins. * * <p>Unlike {@link #commit}, which writes its preferences out * to persistent storage synchronously, {@link #apply} * commits its changes to the in-memory * {@link SharedPreferences} immediately but starts an * asynchronous commit to disk and you won't be notified of * any failures. If another editor on this * {@link SharedPreferences} does a regular {@link #commit} * while a {@link #apply} is still outstanding, the * {@link #commit} will block until all async commits are * completed as well as the commit itself. * * <p>As {@link SharedPreferences} instances are singletons within * a process, it's safe to replace any instance of {@link #commit} with * {@link #apply} if you were already ignoring the return value. * * <p>You don't need to worry about Android component * lifecycles and their interaction with <code>apply()</code> * writing to disk. The framework makes sure in-flight disk * writes from <code>apply()</code> complete before switching * states. * * <p class='note'>The SharedPreferences.Editor interface * isn't expected to be implemented directly. However, if you * previously did implement it and are now getting errors * about missing <code>apply()</code>, you can simply call * {@link #commit} from <code>apply()</code>. */ void apply();
略微有点长,大概意思就是 apply()
跟 commit()
不一样的地方是,它使用的是异步而不是同步,它会立即将更改提交到内存,然后异步提交到硬盘,并且如果失败将没有任何提示。
总结一下不同点:
commit()
是直接同步地提交到硬件磁盘,因此,多个并发的采用commit()
做提交的时候,它们会等待正在处理的commit()
保存到磁盘后再进行操作,从而降低了效率。而apply()
只是原子的提交到内容,后面再调用apply()
的函数进行异步操作。翻源码可以发现
apply()
返回值为 void,而commit()
返回一个 boolean 值代表是否提交成功。apply()
方法不会有任何失败的提示。
那到底使用 commit() 还是 apply()?
大多数情况下,我们都是在同一个进程中,这时候的 SharedPrefrence
都是单实例,一般不会出现并发冲突,如果对提交的结果不关心的话,我们非常建议用 apply()
,当然需要确保操作成功且有后续操作的话,还是需要用 commit()
的。
做不完的开源,写不完的矫情。
共同学习,写下你的评论
评论加载中...
作者其他优质文章