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分布式配置

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Java

分布式配置：配置管理工具包，让你可以把配置放到远程服务器，集中化管理集群配置，目前支持本地存储、Git以及Subversion。

在生产环境，由于配置繁多，造成运维人员或开发人员配置上的不便，springcloud提供了分布式配置中心组建，支持从远程配置仓库（git）中读取配置。

读取配置流程如下图：

config-server从git中读取远程配置，config-client在从config-server中读取配置。

新建项目config-server，pom文件中加入config-server依赖，完整代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.dalaoyang</groupId>
    <artifactId>springcloud_config_server</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>springcloud_config_server</name>
    <description>springcloud_config_server</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

启动类加入@EnableConfigServer注解，表明这是一个config-server并开启配置服务器功能。代码如下:

package com.dalaoyang;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.config.server.EnableConfigServer;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigServer
public class SpringcloudConfigServerApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudConfigServerApplication.class, args);
	}
}

application.properties配置如下：

##端口号
server.port=9000

##服务名称
spring.application.name=config_server

##注册中心地址
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://eureka.dalaoyang.cn/eureka/

##远程仓库配置

##git仓库地址
spring.cloud.config.server.git.uri=https://gitee.com/dalaoyang/SpringCloudConfig.git

##git仓库配置路径
spring.cloud.config.server.git.searchPaths=config

##git仓库分支
spring.cloud.config.label=master

##如果为公开仓库，用户名密码可不填
##git仓库用户名
##spring.cloud.config.server.git.username=

##git仓库密码
##spring.cloud.config.server.git.password=

config-server到这里构建完成，然后新建一个config-client服务。pom文件代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<groupId>com.dalaoyang</groupId>
	<artifactId>springcloud_config_client</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<name>springcloud_config_client</name>
	<description>springcloud_config_client</description>

	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>1.5.9.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>

	<properties>
		<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
		<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Edgware.SR1</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>

	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-config</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>

	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>


</project>

然后新建一个配置文件，这里需要说明一下，config-client默认会去找8888端口的配置中心，如果配置中心使用8888端口，config-client可以使用application.properties配置文件。如果配置中心没有使用8888端口，那么config-client要使用bootstrap.properties，原因是bootstrap.* 命名的文件会被优先读取和配置。由于这个例子的项目使用端口为9000，所以新建一个bootstrap.properties，代码如下：

spring.application.name=config-client
spring.cloud.config.label=master
spring.cloud.config.profile=test
spring.cloud.config.uri= http://localhost:9000/

##注册中心地址
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://eureka.dalaoyang.cn/eureka/

然后做一个测试类，修改一下application，代码如下：

package com.dalaoyang;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication
@RestController
public class SpringcloudConfigClientApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(SpringcloudConfigClientApplication.class, args);
	}


	@Value("${title}")
	String title;

	@RequestMapping("/getTitle")
	public String getTitle(){
		return title;
	}

}

到这里就全部构建完成了，依次启动config-server和config-client。

先访问一下http://eureka.dalaoyang.cn/