准备
必须环境:
Python3
开始
先实现一个简单的版本,直接上代码:
import urllib.requestimport urllib.error#创建get方法def get(url): code=urllib.request.urlopen(url).code return codeif __name__ == '__main__': #设置一些基本属性 url = "http://lx.nextdev.cn" user_agent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.63 Safari/537.36" headers = {'User-Agent':user_agent} req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=headers) #记录次数 i = 1 while 1: code = get(url) print('访问:'+str(code)) i = i+1
简单粗暴,刷的只是 pv
,ip
没变,容易被搜索引擎发现,下面我们来改进一下
增加代理功能
给
get
方法添加以下代码:
random_proxy = random.choice(proxies) proxy_support = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({"http":random_proxy}) opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy_support) urllib.request.install_opener(opener)
修改一下主方法:
if __name__ == '__main__': url = "http://lx.nextdev.cn" #添加代理列表,可以自行去百度获取 proxies = ["124.88.67.22:80","124.88.67.82:80","124.88.67.81:80","124.88.67.31:80","124.88.67.19:80","58.23.16.240:80"] user_agent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.63 Safari/537.36" headers = {'User-Agent':user_agent} req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=headers) i = 1 while 1: #添加参数 code = get(url,proxies) print('第'+str(i)+'次代理访问:'+str(code)) i = i+1
这样差不多了,不过有个 bug
,如果页面打不开了或者代理失效了,程序就自动结束了,接下来我们添加异常处理功能
异常处理
定义
mail
方法 ,用来发邮件提醒
def mail(txt): _user = "你的账号" _pwd = "你的密码" _to = "收件账号" msg = MIMEText(txt, 'plain', 'utf-8') #标题 msg["Subject"] = "代理失效!" msg["From"] = _user msg["To"] = _to try: #这里我用的qq邮箱 s = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.qq.com", 465) s.login(_user, _pwd) s.sendmail(_user, _to, msg.as_string()) s.quit() print("Success!") except smtplib.SMTPException as e: print("Falied,%s" % e)
然后我们修改一下主方法:
if __name__ == '__main__': url = "http://lx.nextdev.cn" proxies = ["124.88.67.22:80","124.88.67.82:80","124.88.67.81:80","124.88.67.31:80","124.88.67.19:80","58.23.16.240:80"] user_agent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.63 Safari/537.36" headers = {'User-Agent':user_agent} req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers=headers) i = 1 while 1: try: code = get(url,proxies) print('第'+str(i)+'次代理访问:'+str(code)) i = i+1 except urllib.error.HTTPError as e: print(e.code) #添加mail方法 mail(e.code) except urllib.error.URLError as err: print(err.reason) #添加mail方法 mail(err.reason)
完成!
结语
代码只有短短的 50 行,程序还可以改进:
例如:代理列表自动获取,添加界面
作者:凌霄_
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/55ad10de30d1
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