ViewTreeObserver 注册一个观察者来监听视图树,当视图树的布局、视图树的焦点、视图树将要绘制、视图树滚动等发生改变时,ViewTreeObserver都会收到通知,ViewTreeObserver不能被实例化,可以调用View.getViewTreeObserver()来获得。
ViewTreeObserver继承关系:
public final class ViewTreeObserverextendsObjectjava.lang.Objectandroid.view.ViewTreeObserver
ViewTreeObserver直接继承自Object.
ViewTreeObserver提供了View的多种监听,每一种监听都有一个内部类接口与之对应,内部类接口全部保存在CopyOnWriteArrayList中,通过ViewTreeObserver.addXXXListener()来添加这些监听,源码如下:
public final class ViewTreeObserver { // Recursive listeners use CopyOnWriteArrayList private CopyOnWriteArrayList<OnWindowFocusChangeListener> mOnWindowFocusListeners; private CopyOnWriteArrayList<OnWindowAttachListener> mOnWindowAttachListeners; private CopyOnWriteArrayList<OnGlobalFocusChangeListener> mOnGlobalFocusListeners; private CopyOnWriteArrayList<OnTouchModeChangeListener> mOnTouchModeChangeListeners; private CopyOnWriteArrayList<OnEnterAnimationCompleteListener> mOnEnterAnimationCompleteListeners; // Non-recursive listeners use CopyOnWriteArray // Any listener invoked from ViewRootImpl.performTraversals() should not be recursive private CopyOnWriteArray<OnGlobalLayoutListener> mOnGlobalLayoutListeners; private CopyOnWriteArray<OnComputeInternalInsetsListener> mOnComputeInternalInsetsListeners; private CopyOnWriteArray<OnScrollChangedListener> mOnScrollChangedListeners; private CopyOnWriteArray<OnPreDrawListener> mOnPreDrawListeners; private CopyOnWriteArray<OnWindowShownListener> mOnWindowShownListeners; // These listeners cannot be mutated during dispatch private ArrayList<OnDrawListener> mOnDrawListeners; }
以OnGlobalLayoutListener为例,首先是定义接口:
public interface OnGlobalLayoutListener { /** * Callback method to be invoked when the global layout state or the visibility of views * within the view tree changes */ public void onGlobalLayout(); }
将OnGlobalLayoutListener 添加到CopyOnWriteArray数组中:
/** * Register a callback to be invoked when the global layout state or the visibility of views * within the view tree changes * * @param listener The callback to add * * @throws IllegalStateException If {@link #isAlive()} returns false */ public void addOnGlobalLayoutListener(OnGlobalLayoutListener listener) { checkIsAlive(); if (mOnGlobalLayoutListeners == null) { mOnGlobalLayoutListeners = new CopyOnWriteArray<OnGlobalLayoutListener>(); } mOnGlobalLayoutListeners.add(listener); }
移除OnGlobalLayoutListener,当视图树布局发生变化时不会再收到通知了:
/** * Remove a previously installed global layout callback * * @param victim The callback to remove * * @throws IllegalStateException If {@link #isAlive()} returns false * * @deprecated Use #removeOnGlobalLayoutListener instead * * @see #addOnGlobalLayoutListener(OnGlobalLayoutListener) */ @Deprecated public void removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(OnGlobalLayoutListener victim) { removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(victim); } /** * Remove a previously installed global layout callback * * @param victim The callback to remove * * @throws IllegalStateException If {@link #isAlive()} returns false * * @see #addOnGlobalLayoutListener(OnGlobalLayoutListener) */ public void removeOnGlobalLayoutListener(OnGlobalLayoutListener victim) { checkIsAlive(); if (mOnGlobalLayoutListeners == null) { return; } mOnGlobalLayoutListeners.remove(victim); }
其他常用方法:
dispatchOnGlobalLayout():视图树发生改变时通知观察者,如果想在View Layout 或 View hierarchy 还未依附到Window时,或者在View处于GONE状态时强制布局,这个方法也可以手动调用。
/** * Notifies registered listeners that a global layout happened. This can be called * manually if you are forcing a layout on a View or a hierarchy of Views that are * not attached to a Window or in the GONE state. */ public final void dispatchOnGlobalLayout() { // NOTE: because of the use of CopyOnWriteArrayList, we *must* use an iterator to // perform the dispatching. The iterator is a safe guard against listeners that // could mutate the list by calling the various add/remove methods. This prevents // the array from being modified while we iterate it. final CopyOnWriteArray<OnGlobalLayoutListener> listeners = mOnGlobalLayoutListeners; if (listeners != null && listeners.size() > 0) { CopyOnWriteArray.Access<OnGlobalLayoutListener> access = listeners.start(); try { int count = access.size(); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { access.get(i).onGlobalLayout(); } } finally { listeners.end(); } } }
dispatchOnPreDraw():通知观察者绘制即将开始,如果其中的某个观察者返回 true,那么绘制将会取消,并且重新安排绘制,如果想在View Layout 或 View hierarchy 还未依附到Window时,或者在View处于GONE状态时强制绘制,可以手动调用这个方法。
/** * Notifies registered listeners that the drawing pass is about to start. If a * listener returns true, then the drawing pass is canceled and rescheduled. This can * be called manually if you are forcing the drawing on a View or a hierarchy of Views * that are not attached to a Window or in the GONE state. * * @return True if the current draw should be canceled and resceduled, false otherwise. */ @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public final boolean dispatchOnPreDraw() { boolean cancelDraw = false; final CopyOnWriteArray<OnPreDrawListener> listeners = mOnPreDrawListeners; if (listeners != null && listeners.size() > 0) { CopyOnWriteArray.Access<OnPreDrawListener> access = listeners.start(); try { int count = access.size(); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { cancelDraw |= !(access.get(i).onPreDraw()); } } finally { listeners.end(); } } return cancelDraw; }
ViewTreeObserver常用内部类:
内部类接口 | 备注 |
---|---|
ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener | 当视图树将要被绘制时,会调用的接口 |
ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener | 当视图树的布局发生改变或者View在视图树的可见状态发生改变时会调用的接口 |
ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalFocusChangeListener | 当一个视图树的焦点状态改变时,会调用的接口 |
ViewTreeObserver.OnScrollChangedListener | 当视图树的一些组件发生滚动时会调用的接口 |
ViewTreeObserver.OnTouchModeChangeListener | 当视图树的触摸模式发生改变时,会调用的接口 |
获得View高度的几种方式:
我们应该都遇到过在onCreate()方法里面调用view.getWidth()和view.getHeight()获取到的view的宽高都是0的情况,这是因为在onCreate()里还没有执行测量,需要在onResume()之后才能得到正确的高度,那么可不可以在onCreate()里就得到宽高呢?答:可以!常用的有下面几种方式:
1、通过设置View的MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED来测量:
int w = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);int h = View.MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(0, View.MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED); view.measure(w, h);//获得宽高int viewWidth=view.getMeasuredWidth();int viewHeight=view.getMeasuredHeight();
设置我们的SpecMode为UNSPECIFIED,然后去调用onMeasure测量宽高,就可以得到宽高。
2、通过ViewTreeObserver .addOnGlobalLayoutListener来获得宽高,当获得正确的宽高后,请移除这个观察者,否则回调会多次执行:
//获得ViewTreeObserver ViewTreeObserver observer=view.getViewTreeObserver();//注册观察者,监听变化observer.addOnGlobalLayoutListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnGlobalLayoutListener() { @Override public void onGlobalLayout() { //判断ViewTreeObserver 是否alive,如果存活的话移除这个观察者 if(observer.isAlive()){ observer.removeGlobalOnLayoutListener(this); //获得宽高 int viewWidth=view.getMeasuredWidth(); int viewHeight=view.getMeasuredHeight(); } } });
3、通过ViewTreeObserver .addOnPreDrawListener来获得宽高,在执行onDraw之前已经执行了onLayout()和onMeasure(),可以得到宽高了,当获得正确的宽高后,请移除这个观察者,否则回调会多次执行
//获得ViewTreeObserver ViewTreeObserver observer=view.getViewTreeObserver();//注册观察者,监听变化observer.addOnPreDrawListener(new ViewTreeObserver.OnPreDrawListener() { @Override public boolean onPreDraw() { if(observer.isAlive()){ observer.removeOnDrawListener(this); } //获得宽高 int viewWidth=view.getMeasuredWidth(); int viewHeight=view.getMeasuredHeight(); return true; } });
github地址:https://github.com/crazyqiang
作者:_小马快跑_
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/5b026ffc36f1
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