很多时候设计师希望背景颜色加上颜色渐变效果,这样会使整个界面看起来色彩更加丰富,生动。今天主要讲解下如何用CAGradientLayer实现背景颜色渐变效果,和使用CAGradientLayer实现某些渐变的特效。
先看效果动画
渐变背景颜色
特效1
特效2
渐变背景颜色
CAGradientLayer *colorLayer = [CAGradientLayer layer]; colorLayer.frame = (CGRect){CGPointZero,CGSizeMake(200, 200)}; colorLayer.position = self.view.center; [self.view.layer addSublayer:colorLayer]; //颜色分配 colorLayer.colors = @[(__bridge id)[UIColor colorWithRed:0.0/255 green:222.0/255 blue:255.0/255 alpha:1.0].CGColor,(__bridge id)[UIColor colorWithRed:75.0/255 green:255.0/255 blue:249.0/255 alpha:1.0].CGColor,(__bridge id)[UIColor colorWithRed:190.0/255 green:253.0/255 blue:255.0/255 alpha:1.0].CGColor]; colorLayer.startPoint = CGPointMake(0.0, 0.0);//起始点 colorLayer.endPoint = CGPointMake(1.0, 1.0);//结束点 colorLayer.locations = @[@(0.25),@(0.5),@(0.75)];//颜色渐变位置分割线
这里得注意
startPoint
,endPoint
,locations
遵循Layler
的坐标系,范围为(0,1)。locations
里面的值是递增的,其位置点可以看做是y值为0在x轴上的点。至于每个颜色所占区域和渐变分割线是由locations
上的点到(startPoint
与endPoint
这条直线)所确定确定。例如我上面代码所表示的区域画线后如下图所示:
蓝线为起始位置和结束位置,黄线为分割线
特效1
-(void)addGradientLayer { CAGradientLayer *colorLayer = [CAGradientLayer layer]; colorLayer.frame = (CGRect){CGPointZero,CGSizeMake(200, 200)}; colorLayer.position = self.view.center; [self.view.layer addSublayer:colorLayer]; //颜色分配 colorLayer.colors = @[(__bridge id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor,(__bridge id)[UIColor greenColor].CGColor,(__bridge id)[UIColor blueColor].CGColor]; colorLayer.locations = @[@(0.25),@(0.5),@(0.75)]; colorLayer.startPoint = CGPointMake(0, 0); colorLayer.endPoint = CGPointMake(1, 0); _timer = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:0.5 repeats:YES block:^(NSTimer *timer){ static CGFloat length = -0.1f; if (length >= 1.1) { length = - 0.1f; [CATransaction setDisableActions:YES]; colorLayer.locations = @[@(length),@(length + 0.1),@(length + 0.15)]; }else{ [CATransaction setDisableActions:NO]; colorLayer.locations = colorLayer.locations = @[@(length),@(length + 0.1),@(length + 0.15)]; } length += 0.1f; }]; [_timer fire]; }
这里只是做了个定时器对
locations
进行定增操作。
特效2
-(void)addCircleGradientLayer { CAGradientLayer *colorLayer = [CAGradientLayer layer]; colorLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor].CGColor; colorLayer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 120, 200, 200); colorLayer.position = CGPointMake(self.view.center.x, colorLayer.frame.origin.y); [self.view.layer addSublayer:colorLayer]; // 颜色分配 colorLayer.colors = @[(__bridge id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor, (__bridge id)[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor, (__bridge id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor]; colorLayer.locations = @[@(-0.2), @(-0.1), @(0)]; // 起始点 colorLayer.startPoint = CGPointMake(0, 0); // 结束点 colorLayer.endPoint = CGPointMake(1, 0); CAShapeLayer *circle = [self createCircleWithCenter:CGPointMake(100, 110) radius:90 startAngle:DEGREES(0) endAngle:DEGREES(360) clockwise:YES lineDashPattern:nil]; circle.strokeColor = [UIColor redColor].CGColor; [self.view.layer addSublayer:circle]; circle.strokeEnd = 1.0f; colorLayer.mask = circle; _timer1 = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1.0 repeats:YES block:^(NSTimer *timer){ static NSInteger index = 1; if (index ++ % 2 == 0) { CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"locations"]; animation.fromValue = @[@(-0.1), @(-0.15), @(0)]; animation.toValue = @[@(1.0), @(1.1), @(1.15)]; animation.duration = 1.0; [colorLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:nil]; } }]; [_timer1 fire]; } -(CAShapeLayer *)createCircleWithCenter:(CGPoint)center radius:(CGFloat)radius startAngle:(CGFloat)startAngle endAngle:(CGFloat)endAngle clockwise:(BOOL)clockwise lineDashPattern:(NSArray *)lineDashPattern { CAShapeLayer *layer = [CAShapeLayer layer]; layer.lineCap = kCALineCapRound; // 贝塞尔曲线(创建一个圆) UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPathWithArcCenter:CGPointMake(0, 0) radius:radius startAngle:startAngle endAngle:endAngle clockwise:clockwise]; // 获取path layer.path = path.CGPath; layer.position = center; // 设置填充颜色为透明 layer.fillColor = [UIColor clearColor].CGColor; // 获取曲线分段的方式 if (lineDashPattern) { layer.lineDashPattern = lineDashPattern; } return layer; } -(void)addRectangleGradientLayer { CAGradientLayer *colorLayer = [CAGradientLayer layer]; colorLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor orangeColor].CGColor; colorLayer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 300, 300, 100); colorLayer.position = CGPointMake(self.view.center.x, colorLayer.frame.origin.y); [self.view.layer addSublayer:colorLayer]; // 颜色分配 colorLayer.colors = @[(__bridge id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor, (__bridge id)[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor, (__bridge id)[UIColor redColor].CGColor]; colorLayer.locations = @[@(-0.2), @(-0.1), @(0)]; // 起始点 colorLayer.startPoint = CGPointMake(0, 0); // 结束点 colorLayer.endPoint = CGPointMake(1, 0); _timer2 = [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:1.0 repeats:YES block:^(NSTimer *timer){ static NSInteger index = 1; if (index ++ % 2 == 0) { CABasicAnimation *animation = [CABasicAnimation animationWithKeyPath:@"locations"]; animation.fromValue = @[@(-0.1), @(-0.15), @(0)]; animation.toValue = @[@(1.0), @(1.1), @(1.15)]; animation.duration = 1.0; [colorLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:nil]; } }]; [_timer2 fire]; }
这里其实是两个特效,只是很类似所以放在了一起。第一个是加了一个圆形的遮罩然后对
locations
进行动画操作。第二个只是简单的对locations
进行动画操作。
扩展
其实CAGradientLayer 的这四个属性
colors,
locations,
startPoint,
endPoint` 我们都是可以进行动画操作.
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作者:Show_Perry
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/d5b2aed158a8
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