Nginx搭建PHP服务器

一般我们都是采用Apache 作为PHP的解析服务器，这次则是采用Nginx这个强大的反向代理服务器来搭建PHP服务器。下面就以Linux发行版Ubuntu为例搭建一个Nginx的PHP服务器。

首先下载安装Nginx
sudo apt-get install nginx

安装完成后，启动Nginx
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start

这时候打开浏览器里输入http://localhost/就可以看到Welcome to nginx!的页面了，说明我们的Nginx服务器安装成功

接下来安装PHP5
sudo apt-get install php5-fpm

安装成功后，我们要修改Nginx的虚拟机配置，让浏览器请求的php文件可以被php cgi解析。编辑Nginx虚拟机配置文件/etc/nginx/sites-available/default
sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

然后把里面的配置修改为如下配置内容：
# You may add here your
# server {
#    ...
# }
# statements for each of your virtual hosts to this file

##
# You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding
# of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.
# http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls
# http://wiki.nginx.org/QuickStart
# http://wiki.nginx.org/Configuration
#
# Generally, you will want to move this file somewhere, and start with a clean
# file but keep this around for reference. Or just disable in sites-enabled.
#
# Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.
##

server {
    listen  80; ## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied
    #listen  [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6

    root /usr/share/nginx/www;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;

    # Make site accessible from http://localhost/
    server_name localhost;

    location / {
        # First attempt to serve request as file, then
        # as directory, then fall back to index.html
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
        # Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location
        # include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules
    }

    location /doc/ {
        alias /usr/share/doc/;
        autoindex on;
        allow 127.0.0.1;
        deny all;
    }

    # Only for nginx-naxsi : process denied requests
    #location /RequestDenied {
        # For example, return an error code
        #return 418;
    # }

    error_page 404 /404.html;

    # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
    #
    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root /usr/share/nginx/www;
    }

    # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
    #
    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
        # NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini

        # With php5-cgi alone:
        fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        # With php5-fpm:
        #fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
    # concurs with nginx's one
    #
    location ~ /\.ht {
        deny all;
    }
}

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
#    listen 8000;
#    listen somename:8080;
#    server_name somename alias another.alias;
#    root html;
#    index index.html index.htm;
#
#    location / {
#        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
#    }
# }

# HTTPS server
#
#server {
#    listen 443;
#    server_name localhost;
#
#    root html;
#    index index.html index.htm;
#
#    ssl on;
#    ssl_certificate cert.pem;
#    ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
#
#    ssl_session_timeout 5m;
#
#    ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1;
#    ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv3:+EXP;
#    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#
#    location / {
#        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
#    }
# }

重新加载我们刚刚更改的Nginx配置
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx reload

然后我们在/usr/share/nginx/www/目录下新建一个phpinfo.php文件，可以查看php的配置和环境信息
sudo vim /usr/share/nginx/www/phpinfo.php

在phpinfo.php中录入如下内容:
<?php
  phpinfo();
?>

我们在浏览器里输入http://localhost/phpinfo.php就可以看到PHP的信息页了，有版本等信息。

PHP5还有很多支持的模块，如果需要的话可以选择安装，一般这些模块都是php5-开头，比如php5-mysql，在Ubuntu里安装他只需
sudo apt-get install php5-mysql

PHP的模块安装后别忘记重启PHP5哦，执行如下命令可以重启
sudo /etc/init.d/php5-fpm restart