I. Java全栈开发概览
Java全栈开发，指的是掌握Java语言，同时具有前端、后端及数据库开发能力，能够独立完成一个完整Web应用的开发流程。这样的开发者能够从需求分析、设计、编码到测试、部署以及维护，全程参与项目开发。
优势与挑战
优势：
- 高就业竞争力：全栈开发者由于技能全面，往往在求职市场中更具竞争力。
- 高效开发：能够独立完成从客户端到服务端的开发，减少团队协作的协调成本。
- 综合解决问题：对整个项目的理解更为深入，能够解决更广泛的技术问题。
挑战：
- 深度与广度：需要在有限的时间内同时深入学习多个领域，难度大。
- 技术快速迭代：Web技术、框架、库等更新频繁，持续学习压力大。
Java语言基础
数据类型与变量
public class BasicJava {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int age = 25; // 整型变量
double salary = 5000.0; // 实型变量
long population = 1440000000L; // 长整型变量
char gender = 'M'; // 字符变量
boolean isStudent = true; // 布尔型变量
}
}运算符与流程控制
public class ControlFlow {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int x = 10;
int y = 20;
System.out.println("x + y = " + (x + y)); // 加法运算
System.out.println("x - y = " + (x - y)); // 减法运算
System.out.println("x * y = " + (x * y)); // 乘法运算
System.out.println("x / y = " + (x / y)); // 除法运算
if (x < y) {
System.out.println("x is less than y");
} else {
System.out.println("x is greater than or equal to y");
}
}
}面向对象编程
类与对象
public class Person {
String name;
int age;
public Person(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public void introduce() {
System.out.println("My name is " + name + " and I am " + age + " years old.");
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Person john = new Person("John Doe", 30);
john.introduce();
}
}继承与多态
public class Vehicle {
public void move() {
System.out.println("Vehicle is moving");
}
}
public class Car extends Vehicle {
public void move() {
System.out.println("Car is driving");
}
}
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Vehicle vehicle = new Car();
vehicle.move();
}
}Java集合框架与异常处理
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class CollectionAndExceptions {
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> fruits = new ArrayList<>();
fruits.add("Apple");
fruits.add("Banana");
fruits.add("Cherry");
System.out.println("Fruits: " + fruits);
try {
System.out.println(10 / 0); // 会抛出ArithmeticException
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
System.err.println("Cannot divide by zero");
}
}
}HTML与CSS基础
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Basic Web Page</title>
<style>
body {
background-color: lightblue;
}
h1 {
color: white;
text-align: center;
}
p {
font-family: verdana;
font-size: 20px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to the Web Page</h1>
<p>Hello, this is a basic HTML/CSS page.</p>
</body>
</html>JavaScript基础
document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {
document.body.innerHTML += '<p id="dynamicText">JavaScript has added this text!</p>';
document.getElementById('dynamicText').style.backgroundColor = 'yellow';
});使用Java实现简单的Web应用
public class SimpleServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println("<!DOCTYPE html>");
out.println("<html>");
out.println("<head>");
out.println("<title>Welcome</title>");
out.println("</head>");
out.println("<body>");
out.println("<h1>Welcome to the Simple Java Web Application!</h1>");
out.println("</body>");
out.println("</html>");
}
}数据库基础
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.Statement;
public class DatabaseBasic {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb", "root", "password");
Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
String sql = "SELECT * FROM mytable";
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while (rs.next()) {
System.out.println(rs.getInt(1) + " " + rs.getString(2));
}
rs.close();
stmt.close();
conn.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}Spring框架基础
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class SpringExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
MyService myService = (MyService) context.getBean("myService");
myService.sayHello();
}
}点击查看更多内容
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