我们要写一个简单的提交请求:
Layout先写好:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <Button android:id="@+id/send_request" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_margin="10dp" android:textColor="#000000" android:textSize="18dp" android:text="发送请求,获取数据"/> <TextView android:id="@+id/txt" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textSize="18dp" android:visibility="gone" android:textColor="#000000" android:text="变变变"/> <EditText android:id="@+id/account" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:hint="请输入账号..." android:textColor="#000000" android:textSize="18dp"/> <EditText android:id="@+id/password" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:hint="请输入密码..." android:textSize="18dp" android:textColor="#000000"/> <Button android:id="@+id/btn_upload" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="提交" android:textColor="#000000" android:textSize="18dp"/> </LinearLayout>
接着主代码:
package com.example.httptryapplication; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.TextView; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private Button send_request; private TextView txt; private String msg; private Button btn_upload; private EditText account; private EditText password; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); txt = findViewById(R.id.txt); btn_upload =findViewById(R.id.btn_upload); send_request = findViewById(R.id.send_request); account = findViewById(R.id.account); password = findViewById(R.id.password); btn_upload.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { final String input_account = account.getText().toString(); final String input_password = password.getText().toString(); new Thread(){ @Override public void run() { super.run(); postInfo(input_account,input_password); } }.start(); } }); send_request.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { new Thread(){ @Override public void run() { super.run(); msg = getRequest(); runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { txt.setText(msg); } }); } }.start(); } }); } private void postInfo(String account,String password) { try { URL url = new URL("http://www.imooc.com/api/okhttp/postmethod"); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setConnectTimeout(6000); //设置允许输出,对于客户端,我们提交参数到服务端,我们是在向外输出内容 conn.setDoOutput(true); //待提交的内容如何过去呢?我们就需要把待提交的内容,添加到请求正文 //设置提交数据的类型,设置和你提交内容相关的属性 conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"); //获取输出流 OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream(); //写数据 out.write(("username="+account+"&pwd="+password).getBytes()); if(conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){ InputStream in = conn.getInputStream(); byte[] b = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; //创建一个缓存流 ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); while ((len = in.read(b))>-1){ baos.write(b); } //取出我们能够看懂的东西 String msg = new String(baos.toString()); Log.e("TAG",msg+"======"); } } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } private String getRequest() { try { URL url = new URL("http://www.imooc.com/api/teacher?type=3&cid=1&type=3"); //获取一个HttpUrlConnection对象 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //请求方式 conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); //请求时长 conn.setConnectTimeout(6000); //获取响应码 200:成功 ;404:未请求到指定资源 500:服务器异常 if(conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){ //获取输入流 InputStream in = conn.getInputStream(); //字节流的内存设置 byte[] b = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; //缓存流 ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); //循环读取入输入流 while((len=in.read(b))>-1){ //将字节数组里面的内容存入到缓存流 //参数1.待写入的数组 2.起点 3.长度 baos.write(b,0,len); } //接着,我们要把数据转成我们能读懂的内容 msg = new String(baos.toString()); Log.e("TAG","msg = "+ msg); } } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return msg; } }
接下来,把用户名和密码解析出来,你是不是以为你能解析一个Post?不行哈!我们的解析例子,是随便举一个GET请求的解析例子:
package com.example.httptryapplication; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.widget.EditText; import org.json.JSONException; import org.json.JSONObject; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; public class SecondActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private EditText edt_name,edt_password; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_second); edt_name = findViewById(R.id.edt_name); edt_password = findViewById(R.id.edt_password); new Thread(){ @Override public void run() { super.run(); //直接把数据解析出来 parseByJsonObject(); } }.start(); } private void parseByJsonObject() { new Thread(){ @Override public void run() { super.run(); String str = getRequest(); try { JSONObject jo = new JSONObject(str); final String message = jo.getString("msg"); runOnUiThread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { edt_name.setText(message); } }); } catch (JSONException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }.start(); } private String getRequest() { try { URL url = new URL("http://www.imooc.com/api/teacher?type=3&cid=1&type=3"); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); conn.setConnectTimeout(6000); if(conn.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){ InputStream in = conn.getInputStream(); byte[] b = new byte[1024]; ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); int len = 0; while ((len = in.read(b))>-1){ baos.write(b,0,len); } String msg = baos.toString(); return msg; } } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } }
HTTP的最佳写法,把GET请求提成一个类:
package com.example.httptryapplication.utils; import android.util.Log; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.MalformedURLException; import java.net.URL; public class HttpUtils { public static String sendHttpRequest(String address) { HttpURLConnection connection = null; try { URL url = new URL(address); connection = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); connection.setRequestMethod("GET"); connection.setConnectTimeout(8000); connection.setReadTimeout(8000); connection.setDoOutput(true); connection.setDoInput(true); InputStream in = connection.getInputStream(); BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in)); StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder(); String line; while((line = reader.readLine())!=null){ response.append(line); } return response.toString(); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return e.getMessage(); }finally { if(connection != null){ connection.disconnect(); } } return null; } }
调用的时候:
String address = "http://baidu.com";
String response = HttpUtils.sendHttpRequest(address);
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