一、引言
最近上班比较忙,所以就很少写东西了,MongoDB系列的文章也要拖后了,没办法,工作第一,没工作就没饭吃了。今天正好的有点时间,就把我最近搞得一些东西,记录下来。
在软件行业,稍微大一点的公司,相关数据的存储量就可能会很大,当我们做系统的时候,一定会使用存储过程进行分页显示,至于为什么分页显示,就不用我多说了吧。最近我在做一个系统,为了让系统支持大数据量,做了很多测试,主要是测试各种分页算法的优劣。最后,经过自己的多番测试,确定了这个存储过程。测试环境是:
硬件环境:CPU是12核的,内存是8G的大小,
软件环境:Visual Studio 2015,数据库是 Sql Server 2008 R2,数据量大概有3千万左右
ORM环境:IBatis.Net
测试效果就不贴图了,如果大家想去测试,可以自行操作,首先要说明的一点,如果针对ID主键进行分页查询,最多是300-400毫秒之间就可以把分页数据显示出来,无论是针对第一页还是最后一页显示时间都是差不多的。再者说,如果是针对其他字段的查询分页,必须针对该字段建立索引,查询速度也在毫秒之间可以完成,经过自己的多轮测试,确定了最终的存储过程的样式。当然如果针对查询的分页的字段没有索引页可以查询出来,时间就比较长了。6分钟,10分钟都有可能。由于今天只讨论存储过程,其他的就不说了,比如分库,分表,水平拆分或者垂直拆分等知识。
二、存储过程代码
当然,这个存储过程也参考了很多前辈的资料,才最终确定的。修改了其原有的Bug,和语法山的一些错误。其他细节也做了一些微调,形成了这个最后的版本,如果大家有更好的写法,也欢迎大家留言讨论。废话不多说了,今天就把代码发出来,该存储过程已经经过测试,完全没有问题,大家可以放心使用,代码如下:
1 /****** Object: StoredProcedure [dbo].[usp_CommonDataResourcePaged] Script Date: 2018/4/26 12:11:59 ******/ 2 SET ANSI_NULLS ON 3 GO 4 SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON 5 GO 6 -- ============================================= 7 -- Author: <PatrickLiu> 8 -- Create date: <2018-4-16 14:21> 9 -- Description: <通用的数据分页存储过程> 10 -- ============================================= 11 ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[usp_CommonDataResourcePaged] 12 ( 13 @TableName varchar(500), ----要显示的表或多个表的连接 14 @FieldList varchar(5000) = '*', ----要显示的字段列表 15 @PageSize int = 20, ----每页显示的记录个数 16 @PageNumber int = 1, ----要显示那一页的记录 17 @SortFields varchar(1000) = null, ----排序字段列表或条件 18 @EnabledSort bit = 0, ----排序方法,0为升序,1为降序(如果是多字段排列Sort指代最后一个排序字段的排列顺序(最后一个排序字段不加排序标记)--程序传参如:' SortA Asc,SortB Desc,SortC ') 19 @QueryCondition nvarchar(1500) = null, ----查询条件,不需WHERE 20 @Primarykey varchar(50), ----主表的主键 21 @EnabledDistinct bit = 0, ----是否添加查询字段的 DISTINCT 默认0不添加/1添加 22 @PageCount int = 1 output, ----查询结果分页后的总页数 23 @RecordCount int = 1 output ----查询到的记录数 24 ) 25 AS 26 SET NOCOUNT ON 27 Declare @PrimaryKeyAlias varchar(50) 28 Declare @SqlResult nvarchar(4000) ----存放动态生成的SQL语句 29 Declare @SqlTotalCount nvarchar(4000) ----存放取得查询结果总数的查询语句 30 Declare @SqlStartOrEndID nvarchar(3000) ----存放取得查询开头或结尾ID的查询语句 31 32 Declare @SortTypeA nvarchar(10) ----数据排序规则A 33 Declare @SortTypeB nvarchar(10) ----数据排序规则B 34 35 Declare @SqlDistinct nvarchar(50) ----对含有DISTINCT的查询进行SQL构造 36 Declare @SqlCountDistinct nvarchar(50) ----对含有DISTINCT的总数查询进行SQL构造 37 38 declare @ExecuteTime datetime --耗时测试时间差 39 40 --如果字段名带有表名或者其他的前缀(literature.tbl_Literatures.ID),通过(select * from table)显示后,在排序,此时的字段名是不包含前缀的, 41 --所以要处理一下,该方法适合Sql Server,如果要迁移其他数据库上,可以修改获取字段名的方法 42 DECLARE @ConvertedSortFields varchar(50) 43 IF CHARINDEX('.',@SortFields)>0 44 BEGIN 45 SELECT @ConvertedSortFields=REVERSE(SUBSTRING(REVERSE(@SortFields),1,CHARINDEX('.',REVERSE(@SortFields))-1)) 46 END 47 ELSE 48 BEGIN 49 SET @ConvertedSortFields=@SortFields 50 END 51 SELECT @ExecuteTime=GETDATE() 52 53 --在分页的过程中,会涉及到子查询,当子查询根据主键查询后,外层循环再使用该值的时候已经不是第一次赋的值了,此处要做转换,否则会有错误 54 SET @PrimaryKeyAlias='CustomID' 55 56 if @EnabledDistinct = 0 57 begin 58 set @SqlDistinct = 'SELECT ' 59 set @SqlCountDistinct = 'Count(*)' 60 end 61 else 62 begin 63 set @SqlDistinct = 'SELECT DISTINCT ' 64 set @SqlCountDistinct = 'Count(DISTINCT '+@Primarykey+')' 65 end 66 67 if @EnabledSort=0 68 begin 69 set @SortTypeB=' ASC ' 70 set @SortTypeA=' DESC ' 71 end 72 else 73 begin 74 set @SortTypeB=' DESC ' 75 set @SortTypeA=' ASC ' 76 end 77 78 --------生成查询语句-------- 79 --此处@SqlTotalCount为取得查询结果数量的语句 80 if @QueryCondition is null or @QueryCondition='' or @QueryCondition='''' or LEN(@QueryCondition)<3 --没有设置显示条件 81 begin 82 set @SqlResult = @FieldList + ' From ' + @TableName 83 set @SqlTotalCount = @SqlDistinct+' @RecordCount='+@SqlCountDistinct+' FROM '+@TableName 84 set @SqlStartOrEndID = ' From ' + @TableName 85 end 86 else 87 begin 88 set @SqlResult = + @FieldList + ' From ' + @TableName + ' WHERE (1>0) and ' + @QueryCondition 89 set @SqlTotalCount = @SqlDistinct+' @RecordCount='+@SqlCountDistinct+' FROM '+@TableName + ' WHERE (1>0) and ' + @QueryCondition 90 set @SqlStartOrEndID = ' From ' + @TableName + ' WHERE (1>0) and ' + @QueryCondition 91 end 92 93 ----取得查询结果总数量----- 94 exec sp_executesql @SqlTotalCount,N'@RecordCount int out ',@RecordCount out 95 96 declare @TemporaryRecordCount int --临时统计 97 if @RecordCount = 0 98 set @TemporaryRecordCount = 1 99 else100 set @TemporaryRecordCount = @RecordCount101 102 --取得分页总数103 set @PageCount=(@TemporaryRecordCount+@PageSize-1)/@PageSize104 105 /**当前页大于总页数 取最后一页**/106 if @PageNumber>@PageCount107 set @PageNumber=@PageCount108 109 --/*-----数据分页2分处理-------*/110 declare @TemporaryPageCount int --总数/页大小,临时存储总的分页数据111 declare @ExtraPageNumber int --总数%页大小 此处用于判断是否有余数,有就增加一页,没有就保持原有分页总数112 113 set @TemporaryPageCount = @TemporaryRecordCount/@PageSize114 set @ExtraPageNumber = @TemporaryRecordCount%@PageSize115 116 --如果对总记录条数和页大小取余,结果大于零,分页数量需要加一117 if @ExtraPageNumber > 0118 BEGIN119 set @TemporaryPageCount = @TemporaryPageCount + 1120 END121 ELSE122 BEGIN123 SET @ExtraPageNumber=@PageSize124 END125 126 --//***显示分页127 if @QueryCondition is null or @QueryCondition='' or @QueryCondition='''' or LEN(@QueryCondition)<3 --没有设置显示条件128 begin129 if @TemporaryPageCount<2 or @PageNumber<=@TemporaryPageCount / 2 + @TemporaryPageCount % 2 --前半部分数据处理130 begin 131 if @PageNumber=1132 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName+' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB133 else134 begin135 if @EnabledSort=1136 begin 137 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName +' WHERE '+@Primarykey+' <(SELECT MIN('+ @PrimaryKeyAlias +') FROM ('+ @SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize*(@PageNumber-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @Primarykey +' AS '+@PrimaryKeyAlias+' FROM '+@TableName +' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB+') AS TBMinID)'+' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB138 end139 else140 begin141 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName +' WHERE '+@Primarykey+' >(SELECT MAX('+ @PrimaryKeyAlias +') FROM ('+ @SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize*(@PageNumber-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @Primarykey +' AS '+@PrimaryKeyAlias+' FROM '+@TableName +' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB+') AS TBMinID)'+' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB142 end143 end 144 end145 else146 begin147 set @PageNumber = @TemporaryPageCount-@PageNumber+1 --后半部分数据处理148 149 if @PageNumber <= 1 --最后一页数据显示150 begin151 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' * FROM ('+@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@ExtraPageNumber as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName+' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeA+') AS TempTB'+' ORDER BY '+ @ConvertedSortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB152 end153 else154 if @EnabledSort=1155 begin156 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' * FROM ('+@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName +' WHERE '+@Primarykey+' >(SELECT MAX('+ @PrimaryKeyAlias +') FROM('+ @SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize*(@PageNumber-2)+@ExtraPageNumber as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @Primarykey +' AS '+@PrimaryKeyAlias+' FROM '+@TableName+' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeA+') AS TBMaxID)'+' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeA+') AS TempTB'+' ORDER BY '+ @ConvertedSortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB157 end158 else159 begin160 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' * FROM ('+@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName161 +' WHERE '+@Primarykey+' <(SELECT MIN('+ @PrimaryKeyAlias +') FROM('+ @SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize*(@PageNumber-2)+@ExtraPageNumber as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @Primarykey +' AS '+@PrimaryKeyAlias+' FROM '+@TableName +' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeA+') AS TBMaxID)'+' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeA+') AS TempTB'+' ORDER BY '+ @ConvertedSortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB162 end163 end164 end165 else --有查询条件166 begin167 if @TemporaryPageCount<2 or @PageNumber<=@TemporaryPageCount / 2 + @TemporaryPageCount % 2 --前半部分数据处理168 begin169 if @PageNumber=1170 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName +' WHERE 1=1 and ' + @QueryCondition + ' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB 171 else if(@EnabledSort=1)172 begin 173 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName174 +' WHERE '+@Primarykey+' <(SELECT MIN('+ @PrimaryKeyAlias +') FROM ('+ @SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize*(@PageNumber-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @Primarykey +' AS '+@PrimaryKeyAlias+' FROM '+@TableName+' WHERE (1=1) and ' + @QueryCondition +' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB+') AS TBMinID)'+' and '+ @QueryCondition +' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB175 end176 else177 begin178 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName179 +' WHERE '+@Primarykey+' >(SELECT MAX('+ @PrimaryKeyAlias +') FROM ('+ @SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize*(@PageNumber-1) as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @Primarykey +' AS '+@PrimaryKeyAlias+' FROM '+@TableName +' WHERE (1=1) and ' + @QueryCondition +' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB+') AS TBMinID)'+' and '+ @QueryCondition +' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB180 end 181 end182 else183 begin 184 set @PageNumber = @TemporaryPageCount-@PageNumber+1 --后半部分数据处理185 if @PageNumber <= 1 --最后一页数据显示186 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' * FROM ('+@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@ExtraPageNumber as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName +' WHERE (1=1) and '+ @QueryCondition +' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeA+') AS TempTB'+' ORDER BY '+ @ConvertedSortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB187 else if(@EnabledSort=1)188 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' * FROM ('+@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName+' WHERE '+@Primarykey+' >(SELECT MAX('+ @PrimaryKeyAlias +') FROM('+ @SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize*(@PageNumber-2)+@ExtraPageNumber as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @Primarykey+' AS '+@PrimaryKeyAlias+' FROM '+@TableName+' WHERE (1=1) and '+ @QueryCondition +' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeA+') AS TBMaxID)' +' and '+ @QueryCondition+' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeA+') AS TempTB'+' ORDER BY '+ @ConvertedSortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB189 else190 set @SqlTotalCount=@SqlDistinct+' * FROM ('+@SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize as VARCHAR(4))+' '+ @FieldList+' FROM '+@TableName+' WHERE '+@Primarykey+' <(SELECT MIN('+ @PrimaryKeyAlias +') FROM('+ @SqlDistinct+' TOP '+ CAST(@PageSize*(@PageNumber-2)+@ExtraPageNumber as Varchar(20)) +' '+ @Primarykey +' AS '+@PrimaryKeyAlias+' FROM '+@TableName+' WHERE (1=1) and '+ @QueryCondition +' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeA+') AS TBMaxID)'+' and '+ @QueryCondition+' ORDER BY '+ @SortFields +' '+ @SortTypeA+') AS TempTB'+' ORDER BY '+ @ConvertedSortFields +' '+ @SortTypeB191 end 192 end193 194 ------返回查询结果-----195 print @SqlTotalCount196 exec sp_executesql @SqlTotalCount197 --SELECT datediff(ms,@ExecuteTime,getdate()) as 耗时198 SET NOCOUNT OFF
以上就是存储 过程,代码很简单,都有注释,就不做解释了。
三、相关实体类
因为存储过程代码是在C#代码调用的,为了方便参数的传递,我特意建立一个实体类,用于传递和接受参数,如:总页数和记录条数,类的名称就是:CommonDataResourcePaged。废话不多说,直接上代码,代码如下:
1 /// <summary> 2 /// 通用数据源匪分页 3 /// </summary> 4 public sealed class CommonDataResourcePaged 5 { 6 /// <summary> 7 /// 要显示的表或多个表的连接 8 /// </summary> 9 public string TableName { get; set; }10 11 /// <summary>12 /// 要显示的字段列表13 /// </summary>14 public string FieldList { get; set; }15 16 /// <summary>17 /// 每页显示的记录个数18 /// </summary>19 public int PageSize { get; set; }20 21 /// <summary>22 /// 要显示的那一页的记录的页码23 /// </summary>24 public int PageNumber { get; set; }25 26 /// <summary>27 /// 排序字段列表或条件28 /// </summary>29 public string SortFields { get; set; }30 31 /// <summary>32 /// 排序方法,0为升序,1为降序(如果是多字段排列Sort指代最后一个排序字段的排列顺序(最后一个排序字段不加排序标记)--程序传参如:' SortA Asc,SortB Desc,SortC ')33 /// </summary>34 public bool EnabledSort { get; set; }35 36 /// <summary>37 /// 查询条件,不需where38 /// </summary>39 public string QueryCondition { get; set; }40 41 /// <summary>42 /// 主表的主键43 /// </summary>44 public string Primarykey { get; set; }45 46 /// <summary>47 /// 是否添加查询字段的 DISTINCT 默认0不添加/1添加48 /// </summary>49 public bool EnabledDistinct { get; set; }50 51 /// <summary>52 /// 该字段是从数据库返回来的字段值,在数据库中是Output字段,查询结果分页后的总页数53 /// </summary>54 public int PageCount { get; set; }55 56 /// <summary>57 /// 该字段是从数据库返回来的字段值,在数据库中是Output字段,查询到的记录数58 /// </summary>59 public int RecordCount { get; set; }60 }
以上就是实体类的代码,很简单,就不解释了。
四、Sql Server的调用代码
在这里,我只演示了在Sql Server 中怎么调用这个存储过程,其实很简单,大家都应该知道。好了,就是这些,代码都是很简单,想调用存储过程,调用实例如下:
1 USE [Xxxxxxx.Bbbbbb.Dataware] GO //名称注释掉了 2 3 DECLARE @return_value int, @PageCount int, @RecordCount int 4 5 SELECT @PageCount = 0 SELECT @RecordCount = 0 6 7 EXEC @return_value = [dbo].[usp_CommonDataResourcePaged]
@TableName = N'[literature].[tbl_Literatures]', 8 @FieldList = N'[ID],[Title],[Authors],[PeriodicalName],[PublicationDate],[VolumeNumber]', 9 @PageSize = 30, 10 @PageNumber = 50, 11 @SortFields = [ID], 12 @EnabledSort =N'1' , 13 @QueryCondition = N'[ChiefAuthor]=''ffffff''', 14 @Primarykey = N'[ID]', 15 @EnabledDistinct = 1, 16 @PageCount = @PageCount OUTPUT, 17 @RecordCount = @RecordCount OUTPUT18 19 SELECT @PageCount as N'@PageCount', @RecordCount as N'@RecordCount'20 21 SELECT 'Return Value' = @return_value22 23 GO
查询只后就可以看到先关的结果,我就不贴图了。
五、结束
今天就写到这里,该上班了。对了,我在C#代码中使用IBatis.net,在调用之前需要在配置文件里做相关的设置,比如:传递参数的设置、查询结果映射设置和类型等等的设置,使用起来也是很简单的,就不贴代码了。今天就是这些了,以后有了时间继续我的MongoDB系列之旅吧。
天下国家,可均也;爵禄,可辞也;白刃,可蹈也;中庸不可能也
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