【前端】压力测试工具ab、siege、webbench

概念

吞吐率(Requests per second)

每秒处理的请求数

并发连接数(The number of concurrent connections)

某个时刻同时存在的连接数。

并发用户数（The number of concurrent users，Concurrency Level）

某个时刻同时存在的用户数。一个用户可能存在多个连接。譬如一个账号不同浏览器登录。

用户平均请求等待时间

Time per request：指处理完成所有请求数所花费的时间 /（总请求数 / 并发用户数）；

服务器平均请求等待时间

Time per request：指处理完成所有请求数所花费的时间 /（总请求数 ）；

安装

mac 自带ab

存在的两个问题apr_poll: The timeout specified has expired (70007)、apr_socket_recv: Connection reset by peer (xx)，请移步

ab 
ab: wrong number of arguments
Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
    -n requests     Number of requests to perform
    -c concurrency  Number of multiple requests to make at a time
    -t timelimit    Seconds to max. to spend on benchmarking
                    This implies -n 50000
    -s timeout      Seconds to max. wait for each response
                    Default is 30 seconds
    -b windowsize   Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
    -B address      Address to bind to when making outgoing connections
    -p postfile     File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
    -u putfile      File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
    -T content-type Content-type header to use for POST/PUT data, eg.
                    'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
                    Default is 'text/plain'
    -v verbosity    How much troubleshooting info to print
    -w              Print out results in HTML tables
    -i              Use HEAD instead of GET
    -x attributes   String to insert as table attributes
    -y attributes   String to insert as tr attributes
    -z attributes   String to insert as td or th attributes
    -C attribute    Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234'. (repeatable)
    -H attribute    Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
                    Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
    -A attribute    Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -P attribute    Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -X proxy:port   Proxyserver and port number to use
    -V              Print version number and exit
    -k              Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
    -d              Do not show percentiles served table.
    -S              Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
    -q              Do not show progress when doing more than 150 requests
    -l              Accept variable document length (use this for dynamic pages)
    -g filename     Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
    -e filename     Output CSV file with percentages served
    -r              Don't exit on socket receive errors.
    -m method       Method name
    -h              Display usage information (this message)
    -I              Disable TLS Server Name Indication (SNI) extension
    -Z ciphersuite  Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
    -f protocol     Specify SSL/TLS protocol
                    (TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL)

常用参数说明

-n：总请求次数（最小默认为 1）；
-c：并发次数（最小默认为 1 且不能大于总请求次数，例如：10 个请求，10 个并发，实际就是 1 人请求 1 次）；
-p：post 参数文档路径（-p 和 -T 参数要配合使用）；
-T：header 头内容类型（此处切记是大写英文字母 T）。

安装siege

brew install siege

siege参数说明

SIEGE 4.0.4
Usage: siege [options]
       siege [options] URL
       siege -g URL
Options:
  -V, --version             VERSION, prints the version number.
  -h, --help                HELP, prints this section.
  -C, --config              CONFIGURATION, show the current config.
  -v, --verbose             VERBOSE, prints notification to screen.
  -q, --quiet               QUIET turns verbose off and suppresses output.
  -g, --get                 GET, pull down HTTP headers and display the
                            transaction. Great for application debugging.
  -p, --print               PRINT, like GET only it prints the entire page.
  -c, --concurrent=NUM      CONCURRENT users, default is 10
  -r, --reps=NUM            REPS, number of times to run the test.
  -t, --time=NUMm           TIMED testing where "m" is modifier S, M, or H
                            ex: --time=1H, one hour test.
  -d, --delay=NUM           Time DELAY, random delay before each requst
  -b, --benchmark           BENCHMARK: no delays between requests.
  -i, --internet            INTERNET user simulation, hits URLs randomly.
  -f, --file=FILE           FILE, select a specific URLS FILE.
  -R, --rc=FILE             RC, specify an siegerc file
  -l, --log[=FILE]          LOG to FILE. If FILE is not specified, the
                            default is used: PREFIX/var/siege.log
  -m, --mark="text"         MARK, mark the log file with a string.
                            between .001 and NUM. (NOT COUNTED IN STATS)
  -H, --header="text"       Add a header to request (can be many)
  -A, --user-agent="text"   Sets User-Agent in request
  -T, --content-type="text" Sets Content-Type in request
      --no-parser           NO PARSER, turn off the HTML page parser
      --no-follow           NO FOLLOW, do not follow HTTP redirects

Copyright (C) 2017 by Jeffrey Fulmer, et al.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.
There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

siege示例

siege -c 并发数 -t 运行测试时间 URL

webbench

//安装依赖
brew install ctags

wget http://home.tiscali.cz/~cz210552/distfiles/webbench-1.5.tar.gz 
// or http://www.ha97.com/code/webbench-1.5.tar.gz 
tar -zxf webbench-1.5.tar.gz
cd webbench-1.5
sudo mkdir -pv /usr/local/man/man1
sudo make && sudo make install

webbench 参数说明

webbench [option]... URL
  -f|--force               Don't wait for reply from server.
  -r|--reload              Send reload request - Pragma: no-cache.
  -t|--time <sec>          Run benchmark for <sec> seconds. Default 30.
  -p|--proxy <server:port> Use proxy server for request.
  -c|--clients <n>         Run <n> HTTP clients at once. Default one.
  -9|--http09              Use HTTP/0.9 style requests.
  -1|--http10              Use HTTP/1.0 protocol.
  -2|--http11              Use HTTP/1.1 protocol.
  --get                    Use GET request method.
  --head                   Use HEAD request method.
  --options                Use OPTIONS request method.
  --trace                  Use TRACE request method.
  -?|-h|--help             This information.
  -V|--version             Display program version.

示例

webbench -c 并发数 -t 运行测试时间 URL

参考文献

webbench

本文作者：前端首席体验师(CheongHu)