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Spring security(三)---认证过程

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  在前面两节Spring security (一)架构框架-Component、Service、Filter分析Spring Security(二)–WebSecurityConfigurer配置以及filter顺序为Spring Security认证作好了准备,可以让我们更好的理解认证过程以及项目代码编写。

1.认证过程工作流程

认证工作流程:

    AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter
	doFilter()(attemptAuthentication()获取Authentication实体)
		->UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter(AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter的子类)
			attemptAuthentication() (在UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken()中将username 和 password 生成 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken对象,getAuthenticationManager().authenticate进行认证以及返回获取Authentication实体)
	            ->AuthenticationManager
		     ->ProviderManager()(AuthenticationManager接口实现)
		             authenticate()(AuthenticationProvider.authenticate()进行认证并获取Authentication实体)
                        ->AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider(内置缓存机制,如果缓存中没有用户信息就调用retrieveUser()获取用户)
				authenticate()  (获取Authentication实体需要userDetails,在缓存中或者retrieveUser()获取userDetails;验证additionalAuthenticationChecks();     createSuccessAuthentication()生成Authentication实体)
				->DaoAuthenticationProvider
					retrieveUser()  (调用自定义UserDetailsService中loadUserByUsername()加载userDetails)
				    ->UserDetailsService   
					    loadUserByUsername()(获取userDetails)

具体流程请看下面小节。

1.1:请求首先经过过滤器AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter以及UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter进行处理

  当请求来临时,在默认情况下,请求先经过AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter的子类UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器。在UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter过滤器调用attemptAuthentication()方法现实主要的两步过程:

  1. 创建拥有用户的详情信息的Authentication对象,在默认的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter中将创建UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken的Authentication对象;
  2. AuthenticationManager调用authenticate()方法进行认证过程,在默认情况,使用ProviderManager类进行认证。

UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter源码分析:

    public class UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter extends
    	AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter {
    	....
    	public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException {
	        .....
	        //1.创建拥有用户的详情信息的Authentication对象
		UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
				username, password);

		// Allow subclasses to set the "details" property
		setDetails(request, authRequest);
                //2.AuthenticationManager进行认证
		return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);
	}
	...
   }  

1.2请求经过过滤器处理之后,在AuthenticationManager以及ProviderManager认证

  在UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter中看出,将调用AuthenticationManager接口的authenticate()方法进行详细认证。默认情况将使用AuthenticationManager子类ProviderManager的authenticate()进行认证,可以分成三个主要过程:

  1. AuthenticationProvide.authenticate()进行认证,默认下,将使用AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider进行认证;
  2. 认证成功后,从authentication中删除凭据和其他机密数据,否则抛出异常或者认证失败;
  3. 发布认证成功事件,并将Authentication对象保存到security context中。

ProviderManager源码分析:

public class ProviderManager implements AuthenticationManager, MessageSourceAware,
	InitializingBean {
	...
        public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication)
			throws AuthenticationException {
                ...
                //AuthenticationProvider依次进行认证
		for (AuthenticationProvider provider : getProviders()) {
	        	...
			try {
			        //1.1进行认证,并返回Authentication对象
				result = provider.authenticate(authentication);

				if (result != null) {
					copyDetails(authentication, result);
					break;
				}
			}
		        ...
			catch (AuthenticationException e) {
				lastException = e;
			}
		}
 		if (result == null && parent != null) {
			// Allow the parent to try.
			try {
		        	//1.2如果1.1认证中没有一个验证通过,则使用父类型AuthenticationManager进行验证
				result = parent.authenticate(authentication);
			}
			catch (ProviderNotFoundException e) {
				// ignore as we will throw below if no other exception occurred prior to
				// calling parent and the parent
				// may throw ProviderNotFound even though a provider in the child already
				// handled the request
			}
			catch (AuthenticationException e) {
				lastException = e;
			}
		}
                //2.从authentication中删除凭据和其他机密数据
		if (result != null) {
			if (eraseCredentialsAfterAuthentication
					&& (result instanceof CredentialsContainer)) {
				// Authentication is complete. Remove credentials and other secret data
				// from authentication
				((CredentialsContainer) result).eraseCredentials();
			}
              //3.发布认证成功事件,并将Authentication对象保存到security context中
			eventPublisher.publishAuthenticationSuccess(result);
			return result;
		}
	}

1.3 认证过程详细处理:AuthenticationProvider、AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider以及DaoAuthenticationProvider

  在默认认证详细处理过程中,AuthenticationProvider认证由AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider抽象类以及AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider的子类DaoAuthenticationProvider进行方法重写协助共同工作进行认证的。主要可以分成以下步骤:

  1. 获取用户信息UserDetails,首先从缓存中读取信息,如果缓存中没有的化,在UserDetailsService中加载,其最主要可以从我们自定义的UserDetailsService进行读取用户信息UserDetails;

  2. 验证三步走:
    1). preAuthenticationChecks

    2). additionalAuthenticationChecks:使用PasswordEncoder.matches()方法进行认证,其验证方式中验证数据已经过PasswordEncoder算法加密,可以通过实现PasswordEncoder接口来定义算法加密方式。

    3). postAuthenticationChecks

  3. 将已通过验证的用户信息封装成 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken对象并返回;该对象封装了用户的身份信息,以及相应的权限信息。

  AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider主要功能提供authenticate()认证方法以及给DaoAuthenticationProvider重写方法源码分析:

    public abstract class AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider implements
    	AuthenticationProvider, InitializingBean, MessageSourceAware {
    	...
		public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication)
		throws AuthenticationException {
                   ...
    		boolean cacheWasUsed = true;
    		//1.1获取缓存中UserDetails信息
    		UserDetails user = this.userCache.getUserFromCache(username);
                  //1.2 如果缓存中没有信息,从UserDetailsService中获取
    		if (user == null) {
    			cacheWasUsed = false;
    
    			try {
    			        //使用DaoAuthenticationProvider中重写的方法去获取信息
    				user = retrieveUser(username,
    						(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken) authentication);
    			}catch{
    			...
    			}
    			...
    		try {
    		        //进行检验认证
    			preAuthenticationChecks.check(user);
    			additionalAuthenticationChecks(user,
    					(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken) authentication);
    		}catch{
    		...
    		}
    	        ...
    		postAuthenticationChecks.check(user);
                   ....
                   // 将已通过验证的用户信息封装成 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken对象并返回
    		return createSuccessAuthentication(principalToReturn, authentication, user);
    }

  DaoAuthenticationProvider功能主要为认证凭证加密PasswordEncoder,以及重写AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider抽象类的retrieveUser、additionalAuthenticationChecks方法,其中retrieveUser主要是获取UserDetails信息,源码分析

    protected final UserDetails retrieveUser(String username,
		UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication)
		throws AuthenticationException {
	prepareTimingAttackProtection();
	try {
	        //根据UserDetailsService获取UserDetails信息,从自定义的UserDetailsService获取
		UserDetails loadedUser = this.getUserDetailsService().loadUserByUsername(username);
		if (loadedUser == null) {
			throw new InternalAuthenticationServiceException(
					"UserDetailsService returned null, which is an interface contract violation");
		}
		return loadedUser;
	}
	catch (UsernameNotFoundException ex) {
		mitigateAgainstTimingAttack(authentication);
		throw ex;
	}
	catch (InternalAuthenticationServiceException ex) {
		throw ex;
	}
	catch (Exception ex) {
		throw new InternalAuthenticationServiceException(ex.getMessage(), ex);
	}
}

additionalAuthenticationChecks主要使用PasswordEncoder进行密码验证,源码分析:

protected void additionalAuthenticationChecks(UserDetails userDetails,
		UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication)
		throws AuthenticationException {
	if (authentication.getCredentials() == null) {
		logger.debug("Authentication failed: no credentials provided");

		throw new BadCredentialsException(messages.getMessage(
				"AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.badCredentials",
				"Bad credentials"));
	}

	String presentedPassword = authentication.getCredentials().toString();
        //进行密码验证
	if (!passwordEncoder.matches(presentedPassword, userDetails.getPassword())) {
		logger.debug("Authentication failed: password does not match stored value");

		throw new BadCredentialsException(messages.getMessage(
				"AbstractUserDetailsAuthenticationProvider.badCredentials",
				"Bad credentials"));
	}
}

1.4 认证中所需的认证凭证获取:UserDetailsService

  在认证中必须获取认证凭证,从UserDetailsService获取到认证凭证,UserDetailsService接口只有一个方法:

UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException;

通过用户名 username 调用方法 loadUserByUsername 返回了一个UserDetails接口对象:

public interface UserDetails extends Serializable {
	//1.权限集合
	Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities();
	//2.密码	
	String getPassword();
	//3.用户名
	String getUsername();
	//4.用户是否过期
	boolean isAccountNonExpired();
	//5.是否锁定	
	boolean isAccountNonLocked();
	//6.用户密码是否过期	
	boolean isCredentialsNonExpired();
	//7.账号是否可用(可理解为是否删除)
	boolean isEnabled();
}

我们通过实现UserDetailsService自定义获取UserDetails类,可以从不同数据源中获取认证凭证。

1.5 总结

总结Spring Security(二)–WebSecurityConfigurer配置以及filter顺序和本节Spring security(三)想要实现简单认证过程:

  1. 第一步:配置WebSecurityConfig
  2. 第二步: 实现自定义UserDetailsService,自定义从数据源码获取认证凭证。

2 Spring boot与Spring security整合

2.1配置WebSecurityConfig

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
  @Override
  protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        //super.configure(http);
        http .csrf().disable()
             .authorizeRequests()
             .anyRequest().authenticated()
              .and()
             .formLogin()
                .loginPage("/login")
                .loginProcessingUrl("/login/form")
                .failureUrl("/login-error")
                .permitAll()  //表单登录,permitAll()表示这个不需要验证 登录页面,登录失败页面
              .and()
                .logout().permitAll();
        }
}

2.2 UserDetailsService实现

@service
public class CustomUserService implements UserDetailsService {
 @Autowired
 private UserInfoMapper userInfoMapper;
 @Autowired
 private PermissionInfoMapper permissionInfoMapper;
 @Autowired
 private BCryptPasswordEncoderService bCryptPasswordEncoderService;
  @Override
  public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        //这里可以可以通过username(登录时输入的用户名)然后到数据库中找到对应的用户信息,并构建成我们自己的UserInfo来返回。
        UserInfoDTO user = userInfoMapper.getUserInfoByUserName(username);
         if (user != null) {
        List<PermissionInfoDTO> permissionInfoDTOS = permissionInfoMapper.findByAdminUserId(userInfo.getId());
        List<GrantedAuthority> grantedAuthorityList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (PermissionInfoDTO permissionInfoDTO : permissionInfoDTOS) {
            if (permissionInfoDTO != null && permissionInfoDTO.getPermissionName() != null) {
                GrantedAuthority grantedAuthority = new SimpleGrantedAuthority(
                        permissionInfoDTO.getPermissionName());
                grantedAuthorityList.add(grantedAuthority);
                 }
            }
             return new User(userInfo.getUserName(), bCryptPasswordEncoderService.encode(userInfo.getPasswaord()), grantedAuthorityList);
         }else {
        throw new UsernameNotFoundException("admin" + username + "do not exist");
         }
    }
}
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