在Android中两个Activity、Activity与Fragment之间传参是件很痛苦的事情,因为要定义很多的key。步骤也非常的繁琐,要存要取。
现在这个问题有了新的解决方案,就是利用Kotlin的属性代理。
比如有两个Activity,一个是MainActivity,一个是TestActivity,从MainActivity到TestActivity.
class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() { override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) setContentView(R.layout.activity_main) findViewById<Button>(R.id.activityBtn).setOnClickListener { //跳转到TestActivity } } }
TestActivity代码
class TestActivity : AppCompatActivity() { var name:String="" var num:Int=0 private lateinit var textView: TextView override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) setContentView(R.layout.activity_test) textView = findViewById(R.id.textView) textView.text = "$name - $num" } }
如果用之前常规的写法是这样的
val intent = Intent(this@MainActivity, TestActivity::class.java); intent.putExtra("name", "王小二") intent.putExtra("age", "25") startActivity(intent)
在TestActivity去取参数也麻烦、这里就不贴了
那么新方式是怎么写呢?请看
新写法
跳转的代码
TestActivity().apply { name = "Come from MainActivity" num = 100 startActivity(this@MainActivity, this) }
取值的代码
class TestActivity : AppCompatActivity() { var name by ActivityArgument("default") var num by ActivityArgument(0) private lateinit var textView: TextView override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) setContentView(R.layout.activity_test) textView = findViewById(R.id.textView) textView.text = "$name - $num" } }
是不是不用再定义一大堆的静态变量,然后存进去再取出来了,设置一次就可以了。
实现原理
1.提前创建Activity的实例,当系统要创建Activity实例时把我们之前创建的给它(要hook代码,了解Activity启动原理的就很好理解,这里就不说了,网上有很多这方面的资源)
2.利用Kotlin的属性代理
show code
保存Activity实例的单例类
object ActivityInstanceManager { private val activityMap = HashMap<Class<*>, Activity>() fun putActivity(activity: Activity) { activityMap[activity.javaClass] = activity } fun getActivity(clazz: Class<*>): Activity? { return activityMap.remove(clazz) } }
Activity扩展StartActivity方法类
fun Activity.startActivity(activity: Activity, nextActivity: Activity) { ActivityInstanceManager.putActivity(nextActivity) activity.startActivity(createIntent(activity, nextActivity)) } fun Activity.startActivityForResult(activity: Activity, nextActivity: Activity, requestCode: Int) { ActivityInstanceManager.putActivity(nextActivity) activity.startActivityForResult(createIntent(activity, nextActivity), requestCode) } private fun createIntent(activity: Activity, nextActivity: Activity): Intent { val intent = IntentInstanceManager.getIntentAndRemove(nextActivity) ?: Intent() intent.setClass(activity, nextActivity::class.java) return intent }
属性代理类
class ActivityArgument<T : Any>(private val default: T? = null) : ReadWriteProperty<Activity, T> { var value: T? = null override operator fun getValue(thisRef: Activity, property: KProperty<*>): T { if (value == null) { val args = thisRef.intent.extras ?: throw IllegalStateException("Cannot read property ${property.name} if no arguments have been set") if (args.containsKey(property.name)) { @Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST") value = args.get(property.name) as T } else { value = default } } return value ?: throw IllegalStateException("Property ${property.name} could not be read") } override operator fun setValue(thisRef: Activity, property: KProperty<*>, value: T) { var intent = IntentInstanceManager.getIntent(thisRef) if (intent == null) { intent = Intent().apply { putExtras(Bundle()) } IntentInstanceManager.putIntent(thisRef, intent) } val args = intent.extras val key = property.name when (value) { is String -> args.putString(key, value) is Int -> args.putInt(key, value) is Short -> args.putShort(key, value) is Long -> args.putLong(key, value) is Byte -> args.putByte(key, value) is ByteArray -> args.putByteArray(key, value) is Char -> args.putChar(key, value) is CharArray -> args.putCharArray(key, value) is CharSequence -> args.putCharSequence(key, value) is Float -> args.putFloat(key, value) is Bundle -> args.putBundle(key, value) is Binder -> BundleCompat.putBinder(args, key, value) is android.os.Parcelable -> args.putParcelable(key, value) is java.io.Serializable -> args.putSerializable(key, value) else -> throw IllegalStateException("Type ${value.javaClass.canonicalName} of property ${property.name} is not supported") } intent.putExtras(args) } }
private val intentMap = HashMap<Activity, Intent>() fun putIntent(activity: Activity, intent: Intent) { intentMap[activity] = intent } fun getIntent(activity: Activity): Intent? { return intentMap[activity] } fun getIntentAndRemove(activity: Activity): Intent? { return intentMap.remove(activity) } fun removeIntent(activity: Activity) { intentMap.remove(activity) } }
好了 核心的就是些
还有的就是hook Instrumentation 类创建Activity
class InstrumentationProxy(val mInstrumentation: Instrumentation) : Instrumentation() { override fun newActivity(cl: ClassLoader?, className: String?, intent: Intent?): Activity { println("className = ${className}") val clazz = Class.forName(className) return ActivityInstanceManager.getActivity(clazz) ?: super.newActivity(cl, className, intent) } }
替换系统 Instrumentation
private fun hookActivityThreadInstrumentation() { try { val activityThreadClazz = Class.forName("android.app.ActivityThread") val activityThreadField = activityThreadClazz.getDeclaredField("sCurrentActivityThread") activityThreadField.isAccessible = true val activityThread = activityThreadField.get(null) val instrumentationField = activityThreadClazz.getDeclaredField("mInstrumentation") instrumentationField.isAccessible = true val instrumentation = instrumentationField.get(activityThread) as Instrumentation val proxy = InstrumentationProxy(instrumentation) instrumentationField.set(activityThread, proxy) } catch (e: Exception) { e.printStackTrace() } }
这样就能把我们提前创建的Activity的实例给系统了
到这里就完了 以后启动Activity就可以这样写了
TestActivity().apply { name = "Come from MainActivity" num = 100 startActivity(this@MainActivity, this) }
是不是可以提前下班、、、
Fragment也是一样的,因为不需要hook 就更简单了
class TestFragment : Fragment() { companion object { fun attach(act: FragmentActivity, containerId: Int) { val fragment = TestFragment().apply { age = 18 name = "小花" } act.supportFragmentManager.beginTransaction().replace(containerId, fragment).commit() } } var name by FragmentArgument("lily") var age by FragmentArgument(16) override fun onCreateView(inflater: LayoutInflater, container: ViewGroup?, savedInstanceState: Bundle?): View? { return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_test, container, false) } override fun onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onActivityCreated(savedInstanceState) val textView = view!!.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.contentTv) textView.text = "$name - $age" } }
看下代码就明白了
属性代理还有SharedPreferences 的应用
可以这样写
private var keystore by PreferenceArgument(this, "keystore", "abc")
原理是一样的 就贴下代码吧
class PreferenceArgument<T>(context: Context, private val name: String, private val default: T) : ReadWriteProperty<Any?, T> { private val prefs by lazy { context.getSharedPreferences("${context.packageName}_preferences", Context.MODE_PRIVATE) } override fun getValue(thisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>): T = findPreferences(name, default) override fun setValue(thisRef: Any?, property: KProperty<*>, value: T) { putPreferences(name, value) } private fun putPreferences(name: String, value: T) = with(prefs.edit()) { when (value) { is Int -> putInt(name, value) is Long -> putLong(name, value) is Float -> putFloat(name, value) is String -> putString(name, value) is Boolean -> putBoolean(name, value) else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("This type can not be saved into preferences") } apply() } private fun findPreferences(name: String, default: T) = with(prefs) { var result = when (default) { is Int -> getInt(name, default) is Long -> getLong(name, default) is Float -> getFloat(name, default) is String -> getString(name, default) is Boolean -> getBoolean(name, default) else -> throw IllegalArgumentException("This type can not be saved into preferences") } result as T } }
作者:蓦然地执着
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/3506e3c9ec50
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