使用外部表查看ORACLE报警日志

使用外部表查看ORACLE报警日志

目得：首先了解什么是外部表，与其它表的区别，建立一个简单的外部表（主要看操作过程），最后我们用外部表查看ORACLE报警日志

1．了解oracle外部表

外部表定义：结构被存放在数据字典，而表数据被放在OS文件中的表

作用：在数据库中查询OS文件的数据，还可以将OS文件数据装载到数据库中

与其它表的区别：在外部表上不能执行DML操作，也不能在外部表上建索引，只能执行select操用

2．建一个简单的外部表

1．建一个OS上的文件

因为外部表主要是查看OS上的文件，首先在OS上建一个文件

mkdir -p /oracle/ext

vi /oracle/ext/ext.dat

10,20,30

40,50,60

70,80,90

2．授予用户权限，并建立目录对象

在此我们先建一个新用户

create user test identified by “123” default tablespace test quota unlimited on test;

用户授权

SQL> grant create any directory to test;

建立目录对象

SQL> conn test / 123

Connected.

SQL> create directory ext as '/oracle/ext';

Directory created.

3.建立外部表

SQL> create table exttable(

id number,name varchar2(10),i number

)organization external

(type oracle_loader

default directory ext

access parameters

(records delimited by newline

fields terminated by ','

)location('ext.dat')

);

4.测试

SQL> select * from exttable;

        ID NAME                I

---------- ---------- ----------

        10 20                 30

        40 50                 60

        70 80                 90

测试成功,可见在数据库中可以查询OS文件的数据

2. 使用外部表查看oracle报警日志

由于在上面实验中已建立了一个用户,并赋相应的权限,而且也有了OS文件(即报警文件alert_SID.log),所以在此直接建立目录对象并建立外部表就可以了。

1．建立目录对象

SQL> conn test / 123

Connected.

SQL> create directory bdump as '/oracle/u01/app/oracle/admin/db2/bdump';

Directory created.

2．建立外部表

SQL> create table alert_log(

text varchar2(400)

)organization external

(type oracle_loader

default directory bdump

access parameters

(records delimited by newline

)location('alert_db2.log')

);

3．测试

首先查看能否查到alert_db2.log的内容

SQL> select * from alert_log where rownum < 10;

TEXT

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Thu Jun 11 00:51:46 2009

Starting ORACLE instance (normal)

Cannot determine all dependent dynamic libraries for /proc/self/exe

Unable to find dynamic library libocr10.so in search paths

RPATH = /ade/aime1_build2101/oracle/has/lib/:/ade/aime1_build2101/oracle/lib/:/a

de/aime1_build2101/oracle/has/lib/:

LD_LIBRARY_PATH is not set!

The default library directories are /lib and /usr/lib

Unable to find dynamic library libocrb10.so in search paths

Unable to find dynamic library libocrutl10.so in search paths

9 rows selected.

测试成功

然后我们测试查报警信息’ORA-%’

SQL> select * from alert_log where text like 'ORA-%';

TEXT

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ORA-00202: control file: '/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db2/dbs/cntrldb2

.dbf'

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

ORA-205 signalled during: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT...

ORA-00301: error in adding log file '/home/oracle/oracle/oradata/testdb/redo01.l

og' - file cannot be created

ORA-27040: file create error

ORA-1501 signalled during: CREATE DATABASE db2

ORA-00200: control file could not be created

TEXT

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ORA-00202: control file: '/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db2/dbs/cntrldb2

.dbf'

ORA-27038: created file already exists

ORA-1501 signalled during: CREATE DATABASE db2

ORA-00200: control file could not be created

ORA-00202: control file: '/oracle/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db2/dbs/cntrldb2

.dbf'

ORA-27038: created file already exists

ORA-1501 signalled during: CREATE DATABASE db2

测试成功,

可见我们可以使用外部表来方便的查看ORACLE的报警信息.

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