K8S入门(二) 单机部署
标签:
Kubernetes
目的
搭建一个单机环境学习实践用,既做Master节点也做Node节点,通过实际操作深入理解k8s中的基础概念
配置与运行Master
直接从模板机复制一台虚拟机作为本次单机环境的机器,参考Kuberneters入门 - 环境准备
初始化Master
通过命令行参数
宿主机可能无法访问虚拟机NAT地址,需要配置apiserver地址,用来从宿主机访问apiserver
kubeadm默认会向服务器查询版本号,而查询接口很有可能无法访问,同时模板虚拟机中的版本是确定的,所以也指定了版本号
# 192.168.56.102需要改成你自己的虚拟机地址$ sudo kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.56.102 --kubernetes-version=v1.11.1[init] using Kubernetes version: v1.11.1[preflight] running pre-flight checks I0823 16:53:38.690945 15374 kernel_validator.go:81] Validating kernel version I0823 16:53:38.691271 15374 kernel_validator.go:96] Validating kernel config [WARNING SystemVerification]: docker version is greater than the most recently validated version. Docker version: 18.06.0-ce. Max validated version: 17.03[preflight/images] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster [preflight/images] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection [preflight/images] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull'[kubelet] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env"[kubelet] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml"[preflight] Activating the kubelet service [certificates] Generated ca certificate and key. [certificates] Generated apiserver certificate and key. [certificates] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.96.0.1 192.168.56.102] [certificates] Generated apiserver-kubelet-client certificate and key. [certificates] Generated sa key and public key. [certificates] Generated front-proxy-ca certificate and key. [certificates] Generated front-proxy-client certificate and key. [certificates] Generated etcd/ca certificate and key. [certificates] Generated etcd/server certificate and key. [certificates] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [127.0.0.1 ::1] [certificates] Generated etcd/peer certificate and key. [certificates] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master localhost] and IPs [192.168.56.102 127.0.0.1 ::1] [certificates] Generated etcd/healthcheck-client certificate and key. [certificates] Generated apiserver-etcd-client certificate and key. [certificates] valid certificates and keys now exist in "/etc/kubernetes/pki"[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf"[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf"[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager.conf"[kubeconfig] Wrote KubeConfig file to disk: "/etc/kubernetes/scheduler.conf"[controlplane] wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-apiserver to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-apiserver.yaml"[controlplane] wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-controller-manager to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-controller-manager.yaml"[controlplane] wrote Static Pod manifest for component kube-scheduler to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/kube-scheduler.yaml"[etcd] Wrote Static Pod manifest for a local etcd instance to "/etc/kubernetes/manifests/etcd.yaml"[init] waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as Static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests"[init] this might take a minute or longer if the control plane images have to be pulled [apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 47.013260 seconds [uploadconfig] storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace [kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config-1.11" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster [markmaster] Marking the node k8s-master as master by adding the label "node-role.kubernetes.io/master=''"[markmaster] Marking the node k8s-master as master by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule] [patchnode] Uploading the CRI Socket information "/var/run/dockershim.sock" to the Node API object "k8s-master" as an annotation [bootstraptoken] using token: lkpkfd.ymx618h27m75aa56 [bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials [bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token [bootstraptoken] configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster [bootstraptoken] creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace [addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS [addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy Your Kubernetes master has initialized successfully! To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user: mkdir -p $HOME/.kube sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster. Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/ You can now join any number of machines by running the following on each nodeas root: kubeadm join 192.168.56.102:6443 --token lkpkfd.ymx618h27m75aa56 --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ba896f324da35303f50e996c3b76f4dd6e428fc1381714e792f19f4fd38069b2
根据提示执行以下命令
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
通过配置文件
可以在配置文件中更改镜像源,这样就不会被墙了
参考Using kubeadm init with a configuration file
安装Pod网络插件
$ sudo sysctl net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables=1$ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/v0.10.0/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/flannel created serviceaccount/flannel created configmap/kube-flannel-cfg created daemonset.extensions/kube-flannel-ds created
确认节点状态
确认Master节点已经处于Ready
$ kubectl get nodes NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION k8s-master Ready master 4m v1.11.1
Master Isolation
默认情况下,Master节点不会被安排运行Pods,需要修改默认配置
$ kubectl taint nodes --all node-role.kubernetes.io/master- node/k8s-master untainted
安装Dashboard
部署Dashboard
$ kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes/dashboard/v1.8.3/src/deploy/alternative/kubernetes-dashboard.yaml serviceaccount/kubernetes-dashboard created role.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard-minimal created rolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard-minimal created deployment.apps/kubernetes-dashboard created service/kubernetes-dashboard created
确认Pods状态
$ kubectl get pods --all-namespacesNAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEkube-system coredns-78fcdf6894-2jswr 1/1 Running 0 14mkube-system coredns-78fcdf6894-ftbzj 1/1 Running 0 14mkube-system etcd-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 14mkube-system kube-apiserver-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 13mkube-system kube-controller-manager-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 14mkube-system kube-flannel-ds-lj5f5 1/1 Running 0 10mkube-system kube-proxy-gbjbl 1/1 Running 0 14mkube-system kube-scheduler-k8s-master 1/1 Running 0 13mkube-system kubernetes-dashboard-6d4bc79449-g6klp 1/1 Running 0 6m
配置访问权限
编辑dashboard-admin.yaml
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1 kind: ClusterRoleBinding metadata: name: kubernetes-dashboard labels: k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: ClusterRole name: cluster-admin subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: kubernetes-dashboard namespace: kube-system
应用配置
$ kubectl create -f dashboard-admin.yaml clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubernetes-dashboard created
运行代理
$ kubectl proxy --address 0.0.0.0 --accept-hosts '.*'Starting to serve on [::]:8001
服务地址如下,请将192.168.56.102改成你自己的地址
http://192.168.56.102:8001/api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/services/kubernetes-dashboard/proxy/#!/overview?namespace=default
在宿主机浏览器中访问dashboard
Dashboard预览
作者:核子飞弹
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/06c9e01f7379
点击查看更多内容
为 TA 点赞
评论
共同学习,写下你的评论
评论加载中...
作者其他优质文章
正在加载中
感谢您的支持,我会继续努力的~
扫码打赏,你说多少就多少
赞赏金额会直接到老师账户
支付方式
打开微信扫一扫,即可进行扫码打赏哦