Centos7.1 for MySQL5.6.30源码安装及多实例配置

预备工作：

    OS：Centos7.1

    DATABASE: mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz

        wget http://ftp.ntu.edu.tw/MySQL/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz

1. 创建mysql帐号

    创建用户和用户组 

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql    

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql

[root@localhost ~]# passwd mysql

2.验证安装包

  解压mysql源码包mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql-5.6/

[root@localhost ~]# tar zxvf mysql-5.6.30.tar.gz -C /opt/mysql-5.6 

[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/mysql-5.6/

      验证之前是否安装过mysql，若存在mysql相关包，则rpm -e逐个删除（建议先删devel包，再mysql包，最后强制删除libs包,centos 7默认为中为mariadb.*，依次删除）

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# rpm -qa|grep mysql

       再验证以下编译必备安装包是否安装：

gcc* gcc-c++* cmake autoconf* automake* zlib* ncurses-devel* libtool* bison

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      当缺少相关安装包时，需要通过rpm -ivh ***.rpm或yum install RPM_NAME安装

3.源码编译过程

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# cmake .

     -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.6  #安装目录

     -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1   #支持InnoDB引擎

     -DWITH-READLINE=1 #支持快捷键

     -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all  #安装所有字符集

     -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1  #从本地导入数据

     -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 #编译Embedded Mysql库

     -DWITH_SSL=bundled  #

     -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8    #默认字符集

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# make

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# make install

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6 /usr/local/mysql

4.创建mysql数据目录及/etc/my.cnf

        数据存放目录，默认为basedir下的data目录（实际场景下，建议mount专用盘作为data）：

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql/data1

[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql

[root@localhost  mysql]#  chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

socket =/opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.sock

[mysqld_safe]

user = mysql

nice = 0

[mysqld]

port = 3306

pid-file = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.pid

socket = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /opt/mysql/data1/

tmpdir = /opt/mysql/data1/

log-error = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.log

slow_query_log =1

slow_query_log_file = /opt/mysql/data1/mysql-slow.log

log_bin = /opt/mysql/data1/mysql-bin.log

[mysqldump]

quick

quote-names

max_allowed_packet = 16M

default-character-set = utf8

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8

4.初始化mysql

建议进入/usr/local/mysql目录下，通过以下方式进行初始化，否则可能会报错

[root@localhost  mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost  mysql]# ./bin/mysql_secure_installation

5.将mysql服务加入init.d管理

建议进入/usr/local/mysql目录下，通过以下方式进行初始化，否则可能会报错

[root@localhost  mysql]# cp ./bin/mysql /etc/init.d/mysql

[root@localhost  mysql]# chkconfig --add mysql

[root@localhost  mysql]# chkconfig mysql on

[root@localhost  mysql]# chkconfig --list

同时更改环境变量 vi ~/.bash_profile,在PATH变量后添加:/usr/local/mysql/bin

6.启动mysql服务的几种方式

mysqld与mysqld_safe的区别在于mysqld_safe宕机后仍能重启

[root@localhost mysql]# service mysql start

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf &

Mysql多实例安装

    多实例的几个好处：mysql多实例共用同一个mysql程序，但是使用不同的配置文件(可以相同)及端口(必须不同)来启动程序，数据文件存放在不同的文件夹中。这些多实例任务相互独立， 可以有效的利用资源，实现资源的逻辑隔离。

    上述1-6歩主要安装了使用3306端口的实例，我们同样可以生成其他端口的实例。这里我们通过以下步骤安装3310端口的MySQL实例。

1.创建使用3310端口的mysql数据目录及/etc/my3310.cnf

[root@localhost mysql-5.6]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql/data2

[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/my3010.cnf

[client]

port = 3310

socket =/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock

[mysqld_safe]

user = mysql

nice = 0

[mysqld]

port = 3310

pid-file = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.pid

socket = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /opt/mysql/data2/

tmpdir = /opt/mysql/data2/

log-error = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.log

slow_query_log =1

slow_query_log_file = /opt/mysql/data2/mysql-slow.log

log_bin = /opt/mysql/data2/mysql-bin.log

[mysqldump]

quick

quote-names

max_allowed_packet = 16M

default-character-set = utf8

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8

2.初始化使用3310端口的mysql

建议进入/usr/local/mysql目录下，通过以下方式进行初始化，否则可能会报错

[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --defaults-file=/etc/my3310.cnf

[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysql_secure_installation  --defaults-file=/etc/my3310.cnf

3.编辑多实例mysql的配置文件

[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/mysql_multi.cnf

[mysqld_multi]

mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe 

mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin

[mysqld3306]

port = 3306

pid-file = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.pid

socket = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /opt/mysql/data1/

tmpdir = /opt/mysql/data1/

log-error = /opt/mysql/data1/mysqld.log

slow_query_log =1

slow_query_log_file = /opt/mysql/data1/mysql-slow.log

log_bin = /opt/mysql/data1/mysql-bin.log

[mysqld3310]

[client]

port = 3310

socket =/opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock

[mysqld_safe]

user = mysql

nice = 0

[mysqld]

port = 3310

pid-file = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.pid

socket = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.sock

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /opt/mysql/data2/

tmpdir = /opt/mysql/data2/

log-error = /opt/mysql/data2/mysqld.log

slow_query_log =1

slow_query_log_file = /opt/mysql/data2/mysql-slow.log

log_bin = /opt/mysql/data2/mysql-bin.log

[mysqldump]

quick

quote-names

max_allowed_packet  = 16M

default-character-set  = utf8

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8

4.启动mysql多实例

[root@localhost mysql]# mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/mysql_multi.cnf start 3306

[root@localhost  mysql]#  mysqld_multi  --defaults-file=/etc/mysql_multi.cnf start 3310

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