Ubuntu 16.04 Python3.5.2 下安装 OpenCV 3.4.1

1. 安装工具和依赖项

首先升级系统包和软件库

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

安装一些工具

sudo apt install build-essential cmake pkg-config git wget

安装numpy模块

sudo apt install python3-pip
pip3 install numpy

安装依赖项

sudo apt install libjpeg8-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libpng12-dev
sudo apt install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev
sudo apt install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev
sudo apt install libgtk-3-dev
sudo apt install libatlas-base-dev gfortran
sudo apt install python3.5-dev

2 安装OpenCV 3.4.3

下载解压源码包

wget https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/3.4.3.zip
unzip opencv-3.4.3.zip

用cmake配置属性

cd opencv-3.4.3
mkdir -p build
cd build

开始配置

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D PYTHON3_EXECUTABLE=/usr/bin/python3 -D PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR=/usr/include/python3.5 -D PYTHON_LIBRARY=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython3.5m.so -D PYTHON3_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS=/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/numpy/core/include -D INSTALL_PYTHON_EXAMPLES=ON -D INSTALL_C_EXAMPLES=ON  ../

该步成功，之后输入

make -j8
sudo make install

至此在python3下执行

import cv2

不会报错，则安装成功

3 C++调用OpenCV接口

新建test.cpp

gedit test.cpp

#include <iostream>#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>using namespace std;using namespace cv;int main() {
    Mat img = imread("test.jpg");  // 最好使用绝对路径
    imshow("test",img); 
    waitKey(5000);    return 0;
}

在控制台下编译，或者写入Makefile

g++ test.cpp  -o test `pkg-config opencv --libs`

使用如下代码运行

./test

4 Qt Creator 调用OpenCV接口

新建控制台工程test
在test.pro中加入

INCLUDEPATH += /usr/local/include \
                /usr/local/include/opencv \
                /usr/local/include/opencv2

LIBS += /usr/local/lib/libopencv_highgui.so \
        /usr/local/lib/libopencv_core.so \
        /usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgproc.so

使用的main.cpp代码如下：

#include <QCoreApplication>#include <iostream>#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>#include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>using namespace cv;using namespace std;int main(void){
    namedWindow( "test", WINDOW_AUTOSIZE );
    Mat img = imread("test.jpg", 1);    // 务必使用绝对路径，否则可能报错
    imshow("test", img);
    waitKey(5000);    return 0;
}

作者：我还在这里
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/80f74f47f987