从2016年就开始在简书上写文章,之所以选择这个平台,很大程度上是因为它洁简的后台输入界面,支持MD,非常适合写一些技术类的文章。
从最开始的零星几个粉丝,到粉丝数破百,到现在有700+粉丝,虽然离大牛们动辄数十万的粉丝还有很大的差距,但是看着粉丝数一天天上涨,感觉也很有成就感。于是就想着记录下粉丝数增涨的过程,以后当粉丝数上万后可以回头看看自己是怎么一步一步走到今天的(此处应该是意淫的表情)。但是,也许是简书太乞求简洁,后台都不提供作者粉丝数历史记录的,不像微信公众号、头条、熊掌号这些成熟的自媒体平台,都会给作者提供完善的相关数据记录,让作者可以清晰地跟踪自己粉丝数增长的曲线。
既然简书不提供,自己又希望有这个功能,又不想放弃简书这个平台,那就自己动手,丰衣足食吧。实现起来也很简单,思路如下:
写个爬虫,每天定时爬取自己简书账号的各项指标数据(包括粉丝数、喜欢数、文章数等)
写一个页面,用来做数据展示
没了,就是这么简单。
Talk is cheap, Show you the code
上代码,这里附上爬虫的代码,展示页面做得还不是很完善,就不献丑了。
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-import timeimport reimport randomimport requestsfrom lxml import etreefrom pymongo import MongoClient client = MongoClient()def randomUserAgent(): USER_AGENTS = [ "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11", "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20", "Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/536.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.11 TaoBrowser/2.0 Safari/536.11", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.71 Safari/537.1 LBBROWSER", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; LBBROWSER)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.84 Safari/535.11 LBBROWSER", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; QQBrowser/7.0.3698.400)", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 5.1; Trident/4.0; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; 360SE)", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; QQDownload 732; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/21.0.1180.89 Safari/537.1", "Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; U; CPU OS 4_2_1 like Mac OS X; zh-cn) AppleWebKit/533.17.9 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Mobile/8C148 Safari/6533.18.5", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:2.0b13pre) Gecko/20110307 Firefox/4.0b13pre", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.64 Safari/537.11", "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; zh-CN; rv:1.9.2.10) Gecko/20100922 Ubuntu/10.10 (maverick) Firefox/3.6.10" ] return random.choice(USER_AGENTS)def getResponse(url, **kwargs): if 'headers' not in kwargs: kwargs['headers'] = { 'User-Agent': randomUserAgent(), } r = requests.get(url, **kwargs) return rdef getArticleInfo(user): print("==getArticleInfo==") uid = user['uid'] article_num = int(user['article_nums']) PER_NUM = 9 max_page = int(article_num / PER_NUM) if (article_num % PER_NUM) == 0 else int(article_num / PER_NUM)+1 article_urls = ['https://www.jianshu.com/u/{}?order_by=shared_at&page={}'.format(uid, i) for i in range(1, max_page+1)] details = [] for article_url in article_urls: r = getResponse(article_url) dom = etree.HTML(r.text) items = dom.xpath('//ul[@class="note-list"]/li') for item in items: # 对每个 li标签再提取 details_xpath = { 'link': './div/a/@href', 'title': './div/a/text()', 'read_num': './/div[@class="meta"]/a[1]/text()', 'comment_num': './/div[@class="meta"]/a[2]/text()', 'heart_num': './/div[@class="meta"]/span[1]/text()', } key_and_path = details_xpath.items() detail = {} for key, path in key_and_path: detail[key] = ''.join(item.xpath(path)).strip() try: #将数字转换为整数 for key in ['read_num', 'comment_num', 'heart_num']: detail[key] = int(detail[key]) details.append(detail) except ValueError: pass #返回爬取结果 return detailsdef getUserInfo(uid): print('==getUserInfo==') url = 'https://www.jianshu.com/u/{}'.format(uid) r = getResponse(url) dom = etree.HTML(r.text) user_info = dict() user_info['uid'] = uid user_info['following']= dom.xpath('//div[@class="meta-block"]/a/p/text()')[0] user_info['follows'] = dom.xpath('//div[@class="meta-block"]/a/p/text()')[1] user_info['article_nums'] = dom.xpath('//div[@class="meta-block"]/a/p/text()')[2] user_info['word_nums'] = dom.xpath('//div[@class="meta-block"]/p/text()')[0] user_info['like_nums'] = dom.xpath('//div[@class="meta-block"]/p/text()')[1] return user_infodef getFollowsInfo(user_info): print("==getFollowsInfo==") follows = [] uid = user_info['uid'] follow_num = int(user_info['follows']) PER_NUM = 9 max_page = int(follow_num / PER_NUM) if (follow_num % PER_NUM) == 0 else int(follow_num / PER_NUM)+1 following_urls = ['https://www.jianshu.com/users/{}/followers?page={}'.format(uid, i) for i in range(1, max_page+1)] for following_url in following_urls: r = getResponse(following_url) dom = etree.HTML(r.text) items = dom.xpath('//ul/li//div[@class="info"]') for item in items: user = {} try: user['uid'] = item.xpath('./a/@href')[0].split('/')[2] user['following'] = item.xpath('./div/span[1]/text()')[0].replace('关注', '').strip() user['follows'] = item.xpath('./div/span[2]/text()')[0].replace('粉丝', '').strip() user['article_nums'] = item.xpath('./div/span[3]/text()')[0].replace('文章', '').strip() s = item.xpath('./div[2]/text()')[0] num = re.findall(r"\d+",s) if len(num) == 2: user['word_nums'] = num[0] user['like_nums'] = num[1] follows.append(user) except ValueError: pass return followsif __name__ == "__main__": uid = "67eb7ed414d3" date = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime()) user_info = getUserInfo(uid) details = getArticleInfo(user_info) follows = getFollowsInfo(user_info) data = {'uid': uid, 'date': date, 'following': user_info['following'], 'follows': user_info['follows'], 'article_nums': user_info['article_nums'], 'word_nums': user_info['word_nums'], 'like_nums': user_info['like_nums'], 'article_details': details, 'follows_details': follows} db = client.jianshu posts = db.author_info result = posts.insert_one(data) print(result)
数据库用的是mongodb,让自行配置。
作者:繁著
链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/1797ffacc2c3
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