Tensorflow与keras环境安装与配置

博客：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34106574/article/details/80691105

python安装与测试

系统：windows7-64位

进入网址：www.python.org下载3.5.3版本，运行安装选择添加环境变量的PATH,点击install now.

安装后测试：在CMD窗口输入：python –V回车

Python 回车键入print(‘hello’)回车如下;

安装numpy 与pandas库

使用pip3工具，直接在CMD命令窗口输入：

pip3 install numpy

将自动下载安装，安装后如下：

Pandas安装同样依照上述：pip3 install pandas

测试：在IDLE中新建py文件编写：

Import numpy

Import pandas

Print(“hello”)

运行没有错误，安装成功。

3,CUDA与CUDNN安装

参考链接：

http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/29697b9132e72eab21de3c76.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/hzm12/p/6422701.html

NOTE: 可能会出现图像驱动安装失败的情况，可以去英伟达官网下载最新驱动安装重启后，再次安装。

安装成功界面如下（没有安装的，它也给出了原因）：

4,安装tensorflow-gpu

在cmd中使用：pip3 install tensorflow-gpu

测试：在IDLE中import tensorflow 运行脚本看是否报错。

结果报错：

Python 3.5.3 (v3.5.3:1880cb95a742, Jan 16 2017, 16:02:32) [MSC v.1900 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32

Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.

>>>

RESTART: C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\test.py

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper

return importlib.import_module(mname)

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module

return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)

File "", line 986, in _gcd_import

File "", line 969, in _find_and_load

File "", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked

File "", line 666, in _load_unlocked

File "", line 577, in module_from_spec

File "", line 914, in create_module

File "", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed

ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块。

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in

from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in

_pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper

return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module

return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)

ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\test.py", line 3, in

import tensorflow as tf

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 24, in

from tensorflow.python import *

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 51, in

from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 52, in

raise ImportError(msg)

ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last):

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper

return importlib.import_module(mname)

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module

return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)

File "", line 986, in _gcd_import

File "", line 969, in _find_and_load

File "", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked

File "", line 666, in _load_unlocked

File "", line 577, in module_from_spec

File "", line 914, in create_module

File "", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed

ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块。

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in

from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in

_pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper()

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper

return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal')

File "C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module

return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)

ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal'

Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime.

See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation _problems

for some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack trace

above this error message when asking for help.

>>>

百度有人建议安装下面的软件vc++ 2015 redistributable(x86,x64)，重启电脑，问题解决。

https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems

尴尬的是后面发现本机的英伟达显卡计算能力只有2.1并不符合tensorflow的要求（如下图）。。。。。

果断卸载装cpu版

测试如下：

5, 在python3.5使用 opencv库

这里官方只支持python2.7，所以我们用非官方的库。

Unofficial Windows Binaries for Python Extension Packages

http://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/

(也可下载完整版：opencv_python-3.2.0+contrib-cp35-cp35m-win_amd64.whl) contrib功能更强大。

拷贝下载的Opencv 3.2模块到Python的安装目录C:\Users\Administrator（若不成功根据报错更改目录）下，运行  pip install opencv_python-3.2.0-cp35-cp35m-win_amd64.whl

然后程序自动安装Opencv模块。

测试：

import cv2

img = cv2.imread('1.bmp',0)

cv2.imshow('image',img)

cv2.waitKey(0)

cv2.destroyAllWindows()

6，利用opencv实现人脸检测

http://docs.opencv.org/3.2.0/

根据官方教程（我进行了一些修改）可以测试如下：

7,Anconda安装出现问题

下载地址： Anaconda

>>：python -m pip install --upgrade pip

 “Cannot remove entries from nonexistent file c:\program files\anaconda3\lib\site-packages\easy-install.pth” 的问题。查看原因是因为setuptools版本太低，tensorflow要求29.0.1，当前版本为27.2.0,在更新setuptools版本的时候又找不到easy-install.pth，导致更新失败

运行

>>：pip install --upgrade --ignore-installed setuptools，问题解决！

【更改conda安装源镜像】

为了更好安装包需要制定conda安装包所使用的镜像为中国的镜像，目前为止只有一家提供了镜像

执行conda命令：

[html] view plain copy

conda config  

更换安装源镜像，清华大学有提供镜像具体更换方法有如下：

[html] view plain copy

conda config --add channels 'https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/'  

[html] view plain copy

conda config --set show_channel_urls yes  

然后你的.condarc 文件应该是这样的内容

把defaults那一行删除就可以了，问题解决！

或 更改pip的默认源

Python开发安装包时，使用pip进行包安装非常方便。但pip默认的源服务器在国外，下载非常慢，而且经常出现下载后安装出错问题。因此，有必要更换为国内的pypi源。

对于windows来说，直接在当前用户目录下新建一个pip.ini文件，例如：c:\Users\Luoge\pip.ini

pip.ini的文件内容如下：

[global] index-url = http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/[install] trusted-host=mirrors.aliyun.com

上面是将源更换为了阿里云的源（阿里爸爸牛逼！~），输入完成后，记得保存。

*******Tip*****************************

安装特定版本：

pip install tensorflow==1.2.0

升级到最新版本：

pip install --upgrade tensorflow

获取tensorflow版本号：

在idle命令行中输入import tensorflow——》回车——》tensorflow.__version__    （注意是双下划线）

8,安装keras

Keras 框架搭建

安装

在CMD命令行或者Powershell中输入：

# GPU 版本>>> pip install --upgrade tensorflow-gpu# CPU 版本>>> pip install --upgrade tensorflow# Keras 安装>>> pip install keras -U --pre

之后可以验证keras是否安装成功,在命令行中输入Python命令进入Python变成命令行环境：

>>> import kerasUsing Tensorflow backend.I c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\device\gpu\os\windows\tensorflow\stream_executor\dso_loader.cc:135] successfully opened CUDA library cublas64_80.dll locallyI c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\device\gpu\os\windows\tensorflow\stream_executor\dso_loader.cc:135] successfully opened CUDA library cudnn64_5.dll locallyI c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\device\gpu\os\windows\tensorflow\stream_executor\dso_loader.cc:135] successfully opened CUDA library cufft64_80.dll locallyI c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\device\gpu\os\windows\tensorflow\stream_executor\dso_loader.cc:135] successfully opened CUDA library nvcuda.dll locallyI c:\tf_jenkins\home\workspace\release-win\device\gpu\os\windows\tensorflow\stream_executor\dso_loader.cc:135] successfully opened CUDA library curand64_80.dll locally>>>

没有报错，那么Keras就已经成功安装了

Keras中mnist数据集测试 下载Keras开发包

>>> conda install git>>> git clone https://github.com/fchollet/keras.git>>> cd keras/examples/>>> python mnist_mlp.py

程序无错进行，至此，keras安装完成。

作者：鸿鶱
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/1a8a75a3ac4d