Spring Boot + Spring Cloud 实现权限管理系统 后端篇(二十四):权限控制(Shiro 注解)
在线演示
演示地址:http://139.196.87.48:9002/kitty
用户名:admin 密码:admin
技术背景
当前,我们基于导航菜单的显示和操作按钮的禁用状态,实现了页面可见性和操作可用性的权限验证,或者叫访问控制。但这仅限于页面的显示和操作,我们的后台接口还是没有进行权限的验证,只要知道了后台的接口信息,就可以直接通过swagger或自行发送ajax请求成功调用后台接口,这是非常危险的。接下来,我们就基于Shiro的注解式权限控制方案,来给我们的后台接口提供权限保护。
权限注解
Shiro总共有5个权限注解,实现了不同的权限控制策略。
RequiresPermissions
当前Subject需要拥有某些特定的权限时,才能执行被该注解标注的方法。如果当前Subject不具有这样的权限,则方法不会被执行。
这是基于资源权限方式的权限控制主要方案,也是我们项目中进行权限控制使用的注解方案。
RequiresRoles
当前Subject必须拥有所有指定的角色时,才能访问被该注解标注的方法。如果当天Subject不同时拥有所有指定角色,则方法不会执行还会抛出AuthorizationException异常。
RequiresUser
当前Subject必须是应用的用户,才能访问或调用被该注解标注的类,实例,方法。
RequiresAuthentication
使用该注解标注的类,实例,方法在访问或调用时,当前Subject必须在当前session中已经过认证。
RequiresGuest
使用该注解标注的类,实例,方法在访问或调用时,当前Subject可以是“gust”身份,不需要经过认证或者在原先的session中存在记录。
注解优先级
Shiro的认证注解处理具有内定处理顺序,如有多个注解,会按照下面优先级逐个检查,只有所有检查通过才允许访问:
RequiresRoles
RequiresPermissions
RequiresAuthentication
RequiresUser
RequiresGuest
代码实现
添加配置
打开kitty-admin工程,找到shiro配置类。添加如下内容,主要作用是开启Shiro的权限注解。
Shiro通过AOP方式拦截被权限注解的类或方法,然后匹配权限注解值和用户权限列表进行验证。
ShiroConfig.java
/** * Shiro生命周期处理器 */ @Bean public LifecycleBeanPostProcessor lifecycleBeanPostProcessor() { return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor(); } /** * 开启Shiro的注解(如@RequiresRoles,@RequiresPermissions),需借助SpringAOP扫描使用Shiro注解的类,并在必要时进行安全逻辑验证 * 配置以下两个bean(DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator(可选)和AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor)即可实现此功能 */ @Bean @DependsOn({"lifecycleBeanPostProcessor"}) public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator advisorAutoProxyCreator() { DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator advisorAutoProxyCreator = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator(); advisorAutoProxyCreator.setProxyTargetClass(true); return advisorAutoProxyCreator; } @Bean public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor() { AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(); authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager()); return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor; }
添加注解
以菜单管理接口为例,添加 @RequiresPermissions("权限标识") 标识即可。
这个权限标识就是我们的菜单表中对应的权限标识字段(perms)对应的值。
SysMenuController.java
package com.louis.kitty.admin.controller; import java.util.List; import org.apache.shiro.authz.annotation.RequiresPermissions; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import com.louis.kitty.admin.model.SysMenu; import com.louis.kitty.admin.sevice.SysMenuService; import com.louis.kitty.core.http.HttpResult;/** * 菜单控制器 * @author Louis * @date Oct 29, 2018 */@RestController @RequestMapping("menu")public class SysMenuController { @Autowired private SysMenuService sysMenuService; @RequiresPermissions({"sys:menu:add", "sys:menu:edit"}) @PostMapping(value="/save") public HttpResult save(@RequestBody SysMenu record) { return HttpResult.ok(sysMenuService.save(record)); } @RequiresPermissions("sys:menu:delete") @PostMapping(value="/delete") public HttpResult delete(@RequestBody List<SysMenu> records) { return HttpResult.ok(sysMenuService.delete(records)); } @RequiresPermissions("sys:menu:view") @GetMapping(value="/findNavTree") public HttpResult findNavTree(@RequestParam String userName) { return HttpResult.ok(sysMenuService.findTree(userName, 1)); } @RequiresPermissions("sys:menu:view") @GetMapping(value="/findMenuTree") public HttpResult findMenuTree() { return HttpResult.ok(sysMenuService.findTree(null, 0)); } }
测试效果
启动服务,通过Swagger分别使用超级管理员和测试人员角色账户访问接口,发现admin可以正常访问,无权限的账户访问返回如下权限验证失败信息。
{ "timestamp": "2018-11-19T07:58:21.532+0000", "status": 500, "error": "Internal Server Error", "message": "Subject does not have permission [sys:menu:view]", "path": "/menu/findMenuTree"}
原理剖析
首先在Shiro配置的时候,我们配置了一个 AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor 类。
/** * Shiro生命周期处理器 */ @Bean public LifecycleBeanPostProcessor lifecycleBeanPostProcessor() { return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor(); } /** * 开启Shiro的注解(如@RequiresRoles,@RequiresPermissions),需借助SpringAOP扫描使用Shiro注解的类,并在必要时进行安全逻辑验证 * 配置以下两个bean(DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator(可选)和AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor)即可实现此功能 */ @Bean @DependsOn({"lifecycleBeanPostProcessor"}) public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator advisorAutoProxyCreator() { DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator advisorAutoProxyCreator = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator(); advisorAutoProxyCreator.setProxyTargetClass(true); return advisorAutoProxyCreator; } @Bean public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor() { AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor = new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor(); authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager()); return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor; }
在 AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor 类中,我们看到了有关五个权限注解的信息,以及关联一个拦截器 AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor。
public class AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor extends StaticMethodMatcherPointcutAdvisor {private static final Class<? extends Annotation>[] AUTHZ_ANNOTATION_CLASSES = new Class[] { RequiresPermissions.class, RequiresRoles.class, RequiresUser.class, RequiresGuest.class, RequiresAuthentication.class }; ... public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor() { setAdvice(new AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor()); } }
在 AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor 中,我们看到了关联了五种权限控制注解对象的拦截器,这样在添加了权限注解的方法被调用时,就会被对应的拦截器拦截,并进行相关的权限验证。
public class AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor extends AnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor { public AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor() { List<AuthorizingAnnotationMethodInterceptor> interceptors = new ArrayList<AuthorizingAnnotationMethodInterceptor>(5); //use a Spring-specific Annotation resolver - Spring's AnnotationUtils is nicer than the //raw JDK resolution process. AnnotationResolver resolver = new SpringAnnotationResolver(); //we can re-use the same resolver instance - it does not retain state: interceptors.add(new RoleAnnotationMethodInterceptor(resolver)); interceptors.add(new PermissionAnnotationMethodInterceptor(resolver)); interceptors.add(new AuthenticatedAnnotationMethodInterceptor(resolver)); interceptors.add(new UserAnnotationMethodInterceptor(resolver)); interceptors.add(new GuestAnnotationMethodInterceptor(resolver)); setMethodInterceptors(interceptors); }
接口被调用时,AOP拦截器 AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor 的invoke方法被调用。
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation methodInvocation) throws Throwable { org.apache.shiro.aop.MethodInvocation mi = createMethodInvocation(methodInvocation); return super.invoke(mi); }
调用父类 AuthorizingMethodInterceptor 的 invoke 方法。
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation methodInvocation) throws Throwable { assertAuthorized(methodInvocation); return methodInvocation.proceed(); }
调用 AopAllianceAnnotationsAuthorizingMethodInterceptor 的 assertAuthorized 方法。
protected void assertAuthorized(MethodInvocation methodInvocation) throws AuthorizationException { //default implementation just ensures no deny votes are cast: Collection<AuthorizingAnnotationMethodInterceptor> aamis = getMethodInterceptors(); if (aamis != null && !aamis.isEmpty()) { for (AuthorizingAnnotationMethodInterceptor aami : aamis) { if (aami.supports(methodInvocation)) { aami.assertAuthorized(methodInvocation); } } } }
调用 AuthorizingAnnotationMethodInterceptor 的 assertAuthorized 方法。
public void assertAuthorized(MethodInvocation mi) throws AuthorizationException { try { ((AuthorizingAnnotationHandler)getHandler()).assertAuthorized(getAnnotation(mi)); } catch(AuthorizationException ae) { ... } }
调用 PermissionAnnotationHandler 的 assertAuthorized 方法。
public void assertAuthorized(Annotation a) throws AuthorizationException { if (!(a instanceof RequiresPermissions)) return; RequiresPermissions rpAnnotation = (RequiresPermissions) a; String[] perms = getAnnotationValue(a); Subject subject = getSubject(); if (perms.length == 1) { subject.checkPermission(perms[0]); return; } ... }
调用 DelegatingSubject 的 checkPermission方法。
public void checkPermission(String permission) throws AuthorizationException { assertAuthzCheckPossible(); securityManager.checkPermission(getPrincipals(), permission); }
调用 AuthorizingSecurityManager 的 checkPermission方法。
public void checkPermission(PrincipalCollection principals, String permission) throws AuthorizationException { this.authorizer.checkPermission(principals, permission); }
调用 ModularRealmAuthorizer 的 checkPermission方法。
public void checkPermission(PrincipalCollection principals, String permission) throws AuthorizationException { assertRealmsConfigured(); if (!isPermitted(principals, permission)) { throw new UnauthorizedException("Subject does not have permission [" + permission + "]"); } }
public boolean isPermitted(PrincipalCollection principals, String permission) { assertRealmsConfigured(); for (Realm realm : getRealms()) { if (!(realm instanceof Authorizer)) continue; if (((Authorizer) realm).isPermitted(principals, permission)) { return true; } } return false; }
调用 AuthorizingRealm 的 isPermitted方法。
public boolean isPermitted(PrincipalCollection principals, String permission) { Permission p = getPermissionResolver().resolvePermission(permission); return isPermitted(principals, p); }
public boolean isPermitted(PrincipalCollection principals, Permission permission) { AuthorizationInfo info = getAuthorizationInfo(principals); return isPermitted(permission, info); }
protected AuthorizationInfo getAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) { ... if (info == null) { // Call template method if the info was not found in a cache info = doGetAuthorizationInfo(principals); ... } return info; }
调用我们自定义的 OAuth2Realm 的 doGetAuthorizationInfo 方法,也是返回自定义权限验证的逻辑。
/** * 授权(接口保护,验证接口调用权限时调用) */ @Override protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) { SysUser user = (SysUser)principals.getPrimaryPrincipal(); // 用户权限列表,根据用户拥有的权限标识与如 @permission标注的接口对比,决定是否可以调用接口 Set<String> permsSet = sysUserService.findPermissions(user.getName()); SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(); info.setStringPermissions(permsSet); return info; }
AuthorizingRealm 查询到用户权限信息,将注解权限值跟用户权限信息列表进行匹配,决定权限验证是否通过。
protected boolean isPermitted(Permission permission, AuthorizationInfo info) { Collection<Permission> perms = getPermissions(info); if (perms != null && !perms.isEmpty()) { for (Permission perm : perms) { if (perm.implies(permission)) { return true; } } } return false; }
到这里,关于Shiro注解式权限控制方案的配置和执行流程就剖析的差不多了。
源码下载
后端:https://gitee.com/liuge1988/kitty
前端:https://gitee.com/liuge1988/kitty-ui.git
作者:朝雨忆轻尘
出处:https://www.cnblogs.com/xifengxiaoma/
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