本文提到的函数(function)和方法(method)为同一个意思
例子1,方法名的定义
public class HalfRandom{public static double f(){return Math.random()/2;}}
编译
javac HalfRandom.java
反编译
javap -c -verbose HalfRandom.class
...major version: 52...#2 = Methodref #16.#17 // java/lang/Math.random:()D#3 = Double 2.0d...#12 = Utf8 ()D...#16 = Class #20 // java/lang/Math#17 = NameAndType #21:#12 // random:()D#18 = Utf8 HalfRandom#19 = Utf8 java/lang/Object#20 = Utf8 java/lang/Math#21 = Utf8 random...public static double f();descriptor: ()Dflags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATICCode:stack=4, locals=0, args_size=00: invokestatic #2 // Method java/lang/Math.random:()D3: ldc2_w #3 // double 2.0d6: ddiv7: dreturnLineNumberTable:line 5: 0
invokestatic #2 调用常量#2定义的函数
函数名定义在常量池的Methodref中,它定义类,方法名,方法返回类型
常量#2中,可以看到它是由#16.#17拼接,#16定义了类名 java/lang/Math,#17是方法名和返回类型名random:()D
常量#17中,它是由#21:#12拼接,#21定义了方法名random,#12定义了返回类型名()D
()D的解释 ,括号内没有东西表示括号内无参数,D表示返回类型为double,如果是V则为void
这种方式
1)JVM可以检查数据类型的正确性:
2)java反编译器可以从被编译的类文件中修改数据类型。
再看"hello,world!"的例子
public class HelloWorld{public static void main(String[] args){System.out.println("Hello, World");}}
反编译
...major version: 52...#2 = Fieldref #16.#17 // java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;#3 = String #18 // Hello, World#4 = Methodref #19.#20 // java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V...#16 = Class #23 // java/lang/System#17 = NameAndType #24:#25 // out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;#18 = Utf8 Hello, World#19 = Class #26 // java/io/PrintStream#20 = NameAndType #27:#28 // println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V...#23 = Utf8 java/lang/System#24 = Utf8 out#25 = Utf8 Ljava/io/PrintStream;#26 = Utf8 java/io/PrintStream#27 = Utf8 println#28 = Utf8 (Ljava/lang/String;)V...public static void main(java.lang.String[]);descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;)Vflags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATICCode:stack=2, locals=1, args_size=10: getstatic #2 // Field java/lang/System.out:Ljava/io/PrintStream;3: ldc #3 // String Hello, World5: invokevirtual #4 // Method java/io/PrintStream.println:(Ljava/lang/String;)V8: returnLineNumberTable:line 5: 0line 6: 8
getstatic #2 获取System.out的引用入栈
ldc #3 将字符串Hello, World入栈
invokevirtual #4 调用println()方法,这里需要传两个参数,参数从栈中获取,1先将Hello, World出栈传入(Ljava/lang/String;),2将System.out的引用出栈传入java/io/PrintStream的引用
再看beep的函数调用(输出计算机报警的蜂鸣声)
public class bee{public static void main(String[] args) { java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep(); }}
反编译
...major version: 52...public static void main(java.lang.String[]);descriptor: ([Ljava/lang/String;)Vflags: ACC_PUBLIC, ACC_STATICCode:stack=1, locals=1, args_size=10: invokestatic #2 // Method java/awt/Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit:()Ljava/awt/Toolkit;3: invokevirtual #3 // Method java/awt/Toolkit.beep:()V6: returnLineNumberTable:line 5: 0line 6: 6
invokestatic #2 调用java.awt.Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit()方法并将返回结果的引用压入栈顶
invokevirtual #3 调用beep()函数,其中需要传引用,把objectref从栈顶弹出传入java/awt/Toolkit
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