上一篇博客说到,BeanDefinition的解析,已经走到了DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentR
eader里,这时候配置文件已经被加载,并解析成w3c的Document对象。这篇博客就接着介绍,DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader和BeanDefinitionParserDelegate类,是怎么协同完成bean的解析和注册的。BeanDefinitionParserDelegate parent = this.delegate; this.delegate = createHelper(readerContext, root, parent); preProcessXml(root); parseBeanDefinitions(root, this.delegate); postProcessXml(root); this.delegate = parent;
这段代码,创建了一个BeanDefinitionParserDelegate组件,然后就是preProcessXml()、parseBeanDefinitions()、postProcessXml()方法
其中preProcessXml()和postProcessXml()默认是空方法,接下来就看下parseBeanDefinitions()方法protected void parseBeanDefinitions(Element root, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) { if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(root)) { NodeList nl = root.getChildNodes(); for (int i = 0; i < nl.getLength(); i++) { Node node = nl.item(i); if (node instanceof Element) { Element ele = (Element) node; if (delegate.isDefaultNamespace(ele)) { parseDefaultElement(ele, delegate); } else { delegate.parseCustomElement(ele); } } } } else { delegate.parseCustomElement(root); } }
从这个方法开始,BeanDefinitionParserDelegate就开始发挥作用了,判断当前解析元素是否属于默认的命名空间,如果是的话,就调用parseDefaultElement()方法,否则调用delegate上parseCustomElement()方法
public boolean isDefaultNamespace(String namespaceUri) { return (!StringUtils.hasLength(namespaceUri) || BEANS_NAMESPACE_URI.equals(namespaceUri)); } public boolean isDefaultNamespace(Node node) { return isDefaultNamespace(getNamespaceURI(node)); }
只有http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans,会被认为是默认的命名空间。也就是说,beans、bean这些元素,会认为属于默认的命名空间,而像task:scheduled这些,就认为不属于默认命名空间。
根节点beans的一个子节点bean,是属于默认命名空间的,所以会进入parseDefaultElement()方法private void parseDefaultElement(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) { if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, IMPORT_ELEMENT)) { importBeanDefinitionResource(ele); } else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, ALIAS_ELEMENT)) { processAliasRegistration(ele); } else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, BEAN_ELEMENT)) { processBeanDefinition(ele, delegate); } else if (delegate.nodeNameEquals(ele, NESTED_BEANS_ELEMENT)) { // recurse doRegisterBeanDefinitions(ele); } }
这里可能会有4种情况,import、alias、bean、beans,分别有一个方法与之对应,这里解析的是bean元素,所以会进入processBeanDefinition()方法
protected void processBeanDefinition(Element ele, BeanDefinitionParserDelegate delegate) { BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = delegate.parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele); if (bdHolder != null) { bdHolder = delegate.decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired(ele, bdHolder); try { // Register the final decorated instance. BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry()); } catch (BeanDefinitionStoreException ex) { getReaderContext().error("Failed to register bean definition with name '" + bdHolder.getBeanName() + "'", ele, ex); } // Send registration event. getReaderContext().fireComponentRegistered(new BeanComponentDefinition(bdHolder)); } }
这里主要有3个步骤,先是委托delegate对bean进行解析,然后委托delegate对bean进行装饰,最后由一个工具类来完成BeanDefinition的注册
可以看出来,DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader不负责任何具体的bean解析,它面向的是xml Document对象,根据其元素的命名空间和名称,起一个类似路由的作用(不过,命名空间的判断,也是委托给delegate来做的)。所以这个类的命名,是比较贴切的,突出了其面向Document的特性。具体的工作,是由BeanDefinitionParserDelegate来完成的
下面就看下parseBeanDefinitionElement()方法public BeanDefinitionHolder parseBeanDefinitionElement(Element ele, BeanDefinition containingBean) { String id = ele.getAttribute(ID_ATTRIBUTE); String nameAttr = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE); List<String> aliases = new ArrayList<String>(); if (StringUtils.hasLength(nameAttr)) { String[] nameArr = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(nameAttr, MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS); aliases.addAll(Arrays.asList(nameArr)); } String beanName = id; if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName) && !aliases.isEmpty()) { beanName = aliases.remove(0); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("No XML 'id' specified - using '" + beanName + "' as bean name and " + aliases + " as aliases"); } } if (containingBean == null) { checkNameUniqueness(beanName, aliases, ele); } AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, beanName, containingBean); if (beanDefinition != null) { if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName)) { try { if (containingBean != null) { beanName = BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.generateBeanName( beanDefinition, this.readerContext.getRegistry(), true); } else { beanName = this.readerContext.generateBeanName(beanDefinition); // Register an alias for the plain bean class name, if still possible, // if the generator returned the class name plus a suffix. // This is expected for Spring 1.2/2.0 backwards compatibility. String beanClassName = beanDefinition.getBeanClassName(); if (beanClassName != null && beanName.startsWith(beanClassName) && beanName.length() > beanClassName.length() && !this.readerContext.getRegistry().isBeanNameInUse(beanClassName)) { aliases.add(beanClassName); } } if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Neither XML 'id' nor 'name' specified - " + "using generated bean name [" + beanName + "]"); } } catch (Exception ex) { error(ex.getMessage(), ele); return null; } } String[] aliasesArray = StringUtils.toStringArray(aliases); return new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDefinition, beanName, aliasesArray); } return null; }
这个方法很长,可以分成三段来看
String id = ele.getAttribute(ID_ATTRIBUTE); String nameAttr = ele.getAttribute(NAME_ATTRIBUTE); List<String> aliases = new ArrayList<String>(); if (StringUtils.hasLength(nameAttr)) { String[] nameArr = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(nameAttr, MULTI_VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_DELIMITERS); aliases.addAll(Arrays.asList(nameArr)); } String beanName = id; if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName) && !aliases.isEmpty()) { beanName = aliases.remove(0); if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("No XML 'id' specified - using '" + beanName + "' as bean name and " + aliases + " as aliases"); } } if (containingBean == null) { checkNameUniqueness(beanName, aliases, ele); }
这一段,主要是处理一些跟alias,id等标识相关的东西
AbstractBeanDefinition beanDefinition = parseBeanDefinitionElement(ele, beanName, containingBean);
这一行是核心,进行实际的解析
if (beanDefinition != null) { if (!StringUtils.hasText(beanName)) { try { if (containingBean != null) { beanName = BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.generateBeanName( beanDefinition, this.readerContext.getRegistry(), true); } else { beanName = this.readerContext.generateBeanName(beanDefinition); // Register an alias for the plain bean class name, if still possible, // if the generator returned the class name plus a suffix. // This is expected for Spring 1.2/2.0 backwards compatibility. String beanClassName = beanDefinition.getBeanClassName(); if (beanClassName != null && beanName.startsWith(beanClassName) && beanName.length() > beanClassName.length() && !this.readerContext.getRegistry().isBeanNameInUse(beanClassName)) { aliases.add(beanClassName); } } if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) { logger.debug("Neither XML 'id' nor 'name' specified - " + "using generated bean name [" + beanName + "]"); } } catch (Exception ex) { error(ex.getMessage(), ele); return null; } } String[] aliasesArray = StringUtils.toStringArray(aliases); return new BeanDefinitionHolder(beanDefinition, beanName, aliasesArray); }
这段是后置处理,对beanName进行处理
前置处理和后置处理,不是核心,就不细看了,重点看下核心的那一行调用public AbstractBeanDefinition parseBeanDefinitionElement( Element ele, String beanName, BeanDefinition containingBean) { this.parseState.push(new BeanEntry(beanName)); String className = null; if (ele.hasAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE)) { className = ele.getAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE).trim(); } try { String parent = null; if (ele.hasAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE)) { parent = ele.getAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE); } AbstractBeanDefinition bd = createBeanDefinition(className, parent); parseBeanDefinitionAttributes(ele, beanName, containingBean, bd); bd.setDescription(DomUtils.getChildElementValueByTagName(ele, DESCRIPTION_ELEMENT)); parseMetaElements(ele, bd); parseLookupOverrideSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides()); parseReplacedMethodSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides()); parseConstructorArgElements(ele, bd); parsePropertyElements(ele, bd); parseQualifierElements(ele, bd); bd.setResource(this.readerContext.getResource()); bd.setSource(extractSource(ele)); return bd; } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) { error("Bean class [" + className + "] not found", ele, ex); } catch (NoClassDefFoundError err) { error("Class that bean class [" + className + "] depends on not found", ele, err); } catch (Throwable ex) { error("Unexpected failure during bean definition parsing", ele, ex); } finally { this.parseState.pop(); } return null; }
这个方法也挺长的,拆开看看
this.parseState.push(new BeanEntry(beanName)); String className = null; if (ele.hasAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE)) { className = ele.getAttribute(CLASS_ATTRIBUTE).trim(); }
这段是从配置中抽取出类名。接下来的长长一段,把异常处理先抛开,看看实际的业务
String parent = null; if (ele.hasAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE)) { parent = ele.getAttribute(PARENT_ATTRIBUTE); } AbstractBeanDefinition bd = createBeanDefinition(className, parent); parseBeanDefinitionAttributes(ele, beanName, containingBean, bd); bd.setDescription(DomUtils.getChildElementValueByTagName(ele, DESCRIPTION_ELEMENT)); parseMetaElements(ele, bd); parseLookupOverrideSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides()); parseReplacedMethodSubElements(ele, bd.getMethodOverrides()); parseConstructorArgElements(ele, bd); parsePropertyElements(ele, bd); parseQualifierElements(ele, bd); bd.setResource(this.readerContext.getResource()); bd.setSource(extractSource(ele)); return bd;
这里每个方法的命名,就说明了是要干什么,可以一个个跟进去看,本文就不细说了。总之,经过这里的解析,就得到了一个完整的BeanDefinitionHolder。只是说明一下,如果在配置文件里,没有对一些属性进行设置,比如autowire-candidate等,那么这个解析生成的BeanDefinition,都会得到一个默认值
然后,对这个Bean做一些必要的装饰public BeanDefinitionHolder decorateBeanDefinitionIfRequired( Element ele, BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinition containingBd) { BeanDefinitionHolder finalDefinition = definitionHolder; // Decorate based on custom attributes first. NamedNodeMap attributes = ele.getAttributes(); for (int i = 0; i < attributes.getLength(); i++) { Node node = attributes.item(i); finalDefinition = decorateIfRequired(node, finalDefinition, containingBd); } // Decorate based on custom nested elements. NodeList children = ele.getChildNodes(); for (int i = 0; i < children.getLength(); i++) { Node node = children.item(i); if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) { finalDefinition = decorateIfRequired(node, finalDefinition, containingBd); } } return finalDefinition; }
持续单步调试,代码继续运行到DefaultBeanDefinitionDocumentReader中的processBeanDefinition中的registerBeanDefinition()
BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(bdHolder, getReaderContext().getRegistry());
单步进入代码发现BeanDefinitionReaderUtils静态方法registerBeanDefinition()
public static void registerBeanDefinition( BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder, BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException { // Register bean definition under primary name. String beanName = definitionHolder.getBeanName(); // 其实调用的是DefaultListableBeanFactory中的registerBeanDefinition方法 registry.registerBeanDefinition(beanName, definitionHolder.getBeanDefinition()); // Register aliases for bean name, if any. String[] aliases = definitionHolder.getAliases(); if (aliases != null) { for (String aliase : aliases) { registry.registerAlias(beanName, aliase); } } }
解释一下其实调用的是DefaultListableBeanFactory中的registerBeanDefinition方法这句话,因为DefaultListableBeanFactory实现BeanDefinitionRegistry接口,BeanDefinitionRegistry接口中定义了registerBeanDefinition()方法
看下DefaultListableBeanFactory中registerBeanDefinition()实例方法的具体实现:public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException { Assert.hasText(beanName, "Bean name must not be empty"); Assert.notNull(beanDefinition, "BeanDefinition must not be null"); if (beanDefinition instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) { try { ((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDefinition).validate(); } catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) { throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Validation of bean definition failed", ex); } } synchronized (this.beanDefinitionMap) { Object oldBeanDefinition = this.beanDefinitionMap.get(beanName); if (oldBeanDefinition != null) { if (!this.allowBeanDefinitionOverriding) { throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot register bean definition [" + beanDefinition + "] for bean '" + beanName + "': There is already [" + oldBeanDefinition + "] bound."); } else { if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) { this.logger.info("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName + "': replacing [" + oldBeanDefinition + "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]"); } } } else { this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName); this.frozenBeanDefinitionNames = null; } this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition); resetBeanDefinition(beanName); } }
代码追溯之后发现这个方法里,最关键的是以下2行:
this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName); this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
前者是把beanName放到队列里,后者是把BeanDefinition放到map中,到此注册就完成了。在后面实例化的时候,就是把beanDefinitionMap中的BeanDefinition取出来,逐一实例化
BeanFactory准备完毕之后,代码又回到了ClassPathXmlApplicationContext里public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException { synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) { // Prepare this context for refreshing. prepareRefresh(); // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory. ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory(); // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context. prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory); try { // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses. postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory); // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context. invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory); // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation. registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory); // Initialize message source for this context. initMessageSource(); // Initialize event multicaster for this context. initApplicationEventMulticaster(); // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses. onRefresh(); // Check for listener beans and register them. registerListeners(); // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons. finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory); // Last step: publish corresponding event. finishRefresh(); } catch (BeansException ex) { // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources. destroyBeans(); // Reset 'active' flag. cancelRefresh(ex); // Propagate exception to caller. throw ex; } } }
也就是obtainFreshBeanFactory()方法执行之后,再进行下面的步骤。
总结来说,ApplicationContext将解析配置文件的工作委托给BeanDefinitionReader,然后BeanDefinitionReader将配置文件读取为xml的Document文档之后,又委托给BeanDefinitionDocumentReader
BeanDefinitionDocumentReader这个组件是根据xml元素的命名空间和元素名,起到一个路由的作用,实际的解析工作,是委托给BeanDefinitionParserDelegate来完成的
BeanDefinitionParserDelegate的解析工作完成以后,会返回BeanDefinitionHolder给BeanDefinitionDocumentReader,在这里,会委托给DefaultListableBeanFactory完成bean的注册
XmlBeanDefinitionReader(计数、解析XML文档),BeanDefinitionDocumentReader(依赖xml文档,进行解析和注册),BeanDefinitionParserDelegate(实际的解析工作)。可以看出,在解析bean的过程中,这3个组件的分工是比较清晰的,各司其职,这种设计思想值得学习
到此为止,bean的解析、注册、spring ioc 容器的实例化过程就基本分析结束了。
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